We investigated the effectiveness of oseltamivir treatment against influenza virus infection in children. We treated 131 patients (mean age, 5.8 +/- 3.6 years) with oseltamivir (4 mg/kg/day for 5 days) during the 2001-2002 epidemic. All of the patients had been diagnosed with influenza using a rapid diagnosis kit. When treatment was initiated within 48 hours of the onset of fever, 44% of the patients became afebrile (< 37.5 degrees C) within one day, and 86% of them recovered within two days. The average duration of fever after the initiation of oseltamivir treatment was 1.7 days. Oseltamivir was equally effective against both influenza type A and type B. No differences in the effectiveness of oseltamivir treatment were observed between young children (< 4 years of age) and school-aged children (> 6 years of age). No obvious side effects were observed.
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