Components of Panax ginseng that improve accelerated small intestinal transit.

We previously clarified that Dai-kenchu-to, a Chinese prescription, was useful for improving carbachol-induced hyperperistalsis of the small intestine in vivo, and the efficacy of Ginseng Radix, a crude drug component of Dai-kenchu-to, was also confirmed. Ginseng Radix, the root of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, showed significant ameliorative effects on both the carbachol-induced and the BaCl(2)-induced accelerated small intestinal transit model in mice, suggesting that both an inhibitory effect on the cholinergic nervous system and direct suppressive effect on muscles were involved in the ameliorative effect of Ginseng Radix on the accelerated small intestinal transit. Ginsenoside Rb1 (4) and ginsenoside Rd (7), major components of Ginseng Radix, improved both animal models. These results suggest that ginsenoside Rb1 (4) and ginsenoside Rd (7) were representative compounds of Ginseng Radix for improving the accelerated movement of the small intestine and that these compounds partly contribute to the action of Dai-kenchu-to on small intestinal transit.