The levels of blood lymphocyte NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases were investigated in children and teenagers with different duration of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The level of some NAD(P)-dependent dehydrogenases changed proportionally in dependence of IDDM duration and insulin therapy did not restore their activities to the normal level. It is suggested that these changes may reflect decrease of energy metabolism and plastic processes in blood lymphocytes from diabetic children and teenagers reflecting. These changes correspond to altered functional reactivity of immunocompetent cells and represent metabolic basis of immunopathogenic complications of IDDM.
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J Fungi (Basel)
October 2024
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biology and Soil Science Faculty, Voronezh State University, Universitetskaya pl., 1, 394000 Voronezh, Russia.
In this study, we first thoroughly assayed the response of the key enzymes of energy metabolism and the antioxidant system in yeast at extreme pH. The activity of the tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes, namely NAD-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, aconitate hydratase, NAD-dependent malate dehydrogenase, and fumarate hydratase, NADPH-producing enzymes of glucose-6-P dehydrogenase and NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, and the enzymes of the glutathione system was assessed. All the enzymes that were tested showed a significant induction contrary to some decrease in the aconitate hydratase activity with acidic and alkaline stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Microbiol
October 2024
Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Highly reactive nitrogen species (RNS) damage proteins, lipids, and nucleotides, and induce disordered intracellular metabolism. Microorganisms that respond to and defend against RNS include fungal pathogens that invade host tissues. However, the full picture of their mechanisms remains unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Bacteriol
November 2024
Department of Bioinformatic Engineering, Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
NADPH is a redox cofactor that drives the anabolic reactions. Although major NADPH generation reactions have been identified in , some minor reactions have not been identified. In the present study, we explored novel NADPH generation reactions by monitoring the fluorescence dynamics after the addition of carbon sources to starved cells, using a metagenome-derived blue fluorescent protein (mBFP) as an intracellular NADPH reporter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemSusChem
October 2024
Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, P. R. China.
Biomimetic nicotinamide coenzymes, including nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), have been demonstrated as promising low-cost alternatives to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)) in biocatalysis. Herein, to efficiently regenerate NMNH from NMN in vitro powered by biomass sugars, a thermophilic NADP-dependent glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase from Thermotoga maritima (TmG6PDH) was engineered to increase the activity toward NMN. The catalytic efficiency (k/K) of optimal mutant (TmG6PDH-R7) toward NMN increased by 71.
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