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Case-only analysis of routine surveillance data: detection of increased vaccine breakthrough infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants in Europe.
Epidemiol Infect
January 2025
World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark.
With the ongoing emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, there is a need for standard approaches to characterize the risk of vaccine breakthrough. We aimed to estimate the association between variant and vaccination status in case-only surveillance data. Included cases were symptomatic adult laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases, with onset between January 2021 and April 2022, reported by five European countries (Estonia, Ireland, Luxembourg, Poland, and Slovakia) to The European Surveillance System.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of the standard battery of in vitro genotoxicity tests to predict in vivo genotoxicity through mathematical modeling: A report from the 8th International Workshop on Genotoxicity Testing.
Environ Mol Mutagen
December 2024
Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- In human health risk assessment, genotoxicity hazards of chemicals typically start with a set of in vitro tests, but these tests don't capture all potential genotoxic endpoints, leading to sometimes contradictory results.
- Mathematical modeling can improve the interpretation of these tests by accounting for each test's strengths and weaknesses, providing objective predictions with associated uncertainties.
- A study found that combining a mammalian in vitro clastogenicity test and a gene mutation test offers strong evidence for genotoxic hazard assessment, but the bacterial reverse mutation (Ames) test alone can still provide useful evidence when no other data is available.
So different yet so alike? Political collective narcissism predicts blatant dehumanization of political outgroups among conservatives and liberals.
Br J Soc Psychol
September 2024
Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
Previous research found that political polarization goes hand in hand with being strongly identified with a political ingroup. In this research, we assumed this should be the case only among those who identify with their political ingroup in a narcissistic way (stemming from frustrated needs and predicting outgroup hostility). This hypothesis was tested in one experimental (Study 4, n = 525) and three cross-sectional (Study 1, n = 320; Study 2, n = 316; Study 3, n = 500) studies conducted among American and Polish participants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Research data show the impact of the endocannabinoid system on psychosis through its neurotransmission homeostatic functions. However, the effect of the endocannabinoid system genetic variability on the relationship between cannabis use and psychosis has been unexplored, even less in first-episode patients. Here, through a case-only design, we investigated the effect of cannabis use and the genetic variability of endocannabinoid receptors on clinical and cognitive outcomes in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification and correction for collider bias in a genome-wide association study of diabetes-related heart failure.
Am J Hum Genet
July 2024
Atlanta VA Healthcare System, Decatur, GA, USA; Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified 61 genetic loci associated with HF, and the Mendelian randomization analysis revealed that T2D increases HF risk (OR 1.07) while HF also increases T2D risk (OR 1.60).
- * The study further corrected for collider bias in diabetes-related HF, finding significant genetic associations near the PITX2 and CDKN2B-AS1 genes, highlighting the importance of addressing collider bias to uncover true genetic links.
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