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Using Large Language Models to Detect and Understand Drug Discontinuation Events in Web-Based Forums: Development and Validation Study.
J Med Internet Res
January 2025
Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The University of Florida, GAINESVILLE, FL, United States.
Background: The implementation of large language models (LLMs), such as BART (Bidirectional and Auto-Regressive Transformers) and GPT-4, has revolutionized the extraction of insights from unstructured text. These advancements have expanded into health care, allowing analysis of social media for public health insights. However, the detection of drug discontinuation events (DDEs) remains underexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA glass half full of money: Dispositional optimism and wealth accumulation across the income spectrum.
J Pers Soc Psychol
January 2025
Marketing Division, Paul College of Business and Economics, University of New Hampshire.
What drives some people to save more effectively for their future than others? This multistudy investigation (N = 143,461) explores how dispositional optimism-the generalized tendency to hold positive expectations about the future-shapes individuals' financial decisions and outcomes. Leveraging both cross-sectional and longitudinal designs across several countries, our findings reveal that optimism significantly predicts greater savings over time, even when controlling for various demographic, psychological, and financial covariates. Furthermore, we find that the role of optimism varies based on socioeconomic circumstances: Among lower income individuals, optimism is more strongly associated with saving.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLearning too much from too little: False face stereotypes emerge from a few exemplars and persist via insufficient sampling.
J Pers Soc Psychol
January 2025
Booth School of Business, The University of Chicago.
Face stereotypes are prevalent, consequential, yet oftentimes inaccurate. How do false first impressions arise and persist despite counter-evidence? Building on the overgeneralization hypothesis, we propose a domain-general cognitive mechanism: insufficient statistical learning, or Insta-learn. This mechanism posits that humans are quick statistical learners but insufficient samplers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the influence of health and digital health literacy on quality of life and follow-up compliance in patients with primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a prospective, single-center study.
World J Urol
January 2025
School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Prof. Dr. Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Fahrettin Kerim Gökay Cd., Istanbul, 34720, Turkey.
Objective: Given the increasing significance of digital health literacy (DHL) and health literacy (HL) in promoting informed decision-making and healthy behaviors, this study aimed to assess the influence of self-reported HL and DHL on treatment adherence and quality of life among patients who underwent transurethral resection of bladder tumors (TUR-BT) for primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).
Materials & Methods: This single-center observational study involved patients who underwent TUR-BT for NIMBC at a tertiary hospital from May 2022 to February 2024. Before the procedure, the patients' DHL and HL were evaluated using the European Health Literacy Survey Questionnaire short version and the eHealth Literacy Scale.
Vietnamese religiosity, premarital sexual permissiveness, and abortion attitudes: the mediating role of filial piety.
Discov Ment Health
January 2025
Faculty of Psychology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, 280 An Duong Vuong, Ward 4, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
This study focuses on filial piety, a fundamental psychological factor in Vietnam and its relationship with religiosity and attitudes toward abortion. Drawing on data from 656 participants, the research employed the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method and identified significant differences in intrinsic religiosity (IR) based on various forms of cohabitation with parents. Furthermore, the findings revealed a positive association between age and religiosity.
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