Prediction of microscopic spread of tumor cells is becoming critically important in the decision making process in planning radiation therapy for cancer. Until recently, radiation treatment of head and neck cancer has been conservative, treating large regions to insure eradication of disease. However, if it is known that regional spread is confined, a more focused treatment can be considered, with the payoff of reducing or eliminating morbidity due to irradiating healthy tissue in the vicinity of node groups. Knowledge about the occurrence of micrometastases comes mainly from pathology reports in connection with surgery. As the data accrue, it will be possible and necessary to represent this knowledge in a symbolic computational model. Our work reports on the feasibility of modeling this knowledge using published data.
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Med Image Anal
January 2025
Department of Mechanical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Institute for Biological and Medical Engineering, Schools of Engineering, Medicine and Biological Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering, iHEALTH, Chile. Electronic address:
The identification of the Purkinje conduction system in the heart is a challenging task, yet essential for a correct definition of cardiac digital twins for precision cardiology. Here, we propose a probabilistic approach for identifying the Purkinje network from non-invasive clinical data such as the standard electrocardiogram (ECG). We use cardiac imaging to build an anatomically accurate model of the ventricles; we algorithmically generate a rule-based Purkinje network tailored to the anatomy; we simulate physiological electrocardiograms with a fast model; we identify the geometrical and electrical parameters of the Purkinje-ECG model with Bayesian optimization and approximate Bayesian computation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
College of Education for the Future, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
Personalized sports training plans are essential for addressing individual athlete needs, but traditional methods often need to integrate diverse data types, limiting adaptability and effectiveness. Existing machine learning (ML) and rule-based approaches cannot dynamically generate context-specific training programs, reducing their applicability in real-world scenarios. This study aims to develop a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN)- based framework to create context-specific training plans by integrating numeric attributes (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Med Chem
January 2025
Medicinal Chemistry and Bioinformatics Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
Retrosynthesis is a strategy to analyze the synthetic routes for target molecules in medicinal chemistry. However, traditional retrosynthesis predictions performed by chemists and rule-based expert systems struggle to adapt to the vast chemical space of real-world scenarios. Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized retrosynthesis prediction in recent decades, significantly increasing the accuracy and diversity of predictions for target compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Cardiovasc Med
January 2025
Department of Artificial Intelligence and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States.
Background: Effective management of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) following drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation is crucial for preventing adverse events. Traditional prognostic tools, such as rule-based methods or Cox regression, despite their widespread use and ease, tend to yield moderate predictive accuracy within predetermined timeframes. This study introduces a new contrastive learning-based approach to enhance prediction efficacy over multiple time intervals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Med Inform
January 2025
Rheumatology and Allergy Clinical Epidemiology Research Center and Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, and Mongan Institute, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA. Electronic address:
Background: ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a rare but serious disease. Traditional case-identification methods using claims data can be time-intensive and may miss important subgroups. We hypothesized that a deep learning model analyzing electronic health records (EHR) can more accurately identify AAV cases.
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