In order to assess the nature of threat assessment activity pertaining to members of Congress, 4387 cases involving threatening and other problematic contact were analyzed. The cases were studied regarding subject characteristics, articulated motives, as well as several aspects of contact behavior in relation to approach behavior. Approachers were significantly less likely to have articulated threat language prior to or during their contacts and were also less likely to have stated a policy grievance (foreign or domestic) as the source of their concern. Further, approachers were substantially more likely to have expressed help seeking requests as part of their prior and approach-related contacts and were less likely to have had racial or sexualized content within their contacts. Approachers were also significantly more likely to have had a criminal record as well as displayed symptoms suggestive of major mental illness. Subjects engaging in approach behavior were also less likely to have used an alias, were less likely to be a direct constituent of the target and were more likely to have contacted multiple congressional targets. The implications for threat assessment activity are discussed.
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PNAS Nexus
January 2025
Empirical Studies of Conflict, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Does the fact-checking enterprise focus its attention on one party? If Republican or Democratic politicians were systematically more likely to have their statements evaluated, that would call into question both the impartiality of the fact-checking enterprise and the results of the many papers that rely on fact-checks to drive other measurements. Despite frequent claims that fact-checking organizations are biased against Republicans, there is little systematic evidence regarding political bias in this industry. We address these gaps using data on how often each member of Congress was fact-checked from 2018 to 2021.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
January 2025
Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular junctions, leading to fluctuating muscle weakness. While many patients respond well to standard immunosuppression, a substantial subgroup faces ongoing disease activity. Emerging treatments such as complement factor C5 inhibition (C5IT) and neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) antagonism hold promise for these patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJACC Cardiovasc Interv
December 2024
Department for Angiology, Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane, Campus Clinic Brandenburg, Center for Internal Medicine I, Berlin, Germany; Department of Angiology, Sankt-Gertrauden-Krankenhaus, Berlin, Germany.
Background: Several randomized clinical trials have shown that the composite endpoint of death, stroke, and myocardial infarction (MI) is equivalent between carotid artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy. However, the risk of minor stroke has been consistently higher with carotid artery stenting.
Objectives: The authors sought to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of a novel carotid stent system comprised of a stent, an adjustable integrated embolic filter and a postdilation balloon, in patients at elevated risk for adverse events from carotid endarterectomy.
Clin Transl Allergy
January 2025
Department of ENT, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a recurrent inflammatory disease associated with several comorbidities and a significant disease burden for patients. Treatments include corticosteroids and sinonasal surgery, but these can be associated with the risk of adverse events and nasal polyp recurrence. Biologic treatments such as mepolizumab can be used as an add-on treatment and are effective at reducing surgery and corticosteroid use.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Behav
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
Background And Purpose: The treatment effect of consciousness after brain injury is currently uncertain. Thus, this study aimed to retrieve the evidence from neurologists around the world on the management of consciousness disorders in patients with severe brain injury and evaluate and summarize the evidence, providing the guidance on the related management for clinicians.
Methods: Following the evidence summary report standard of Fudan University Center for Evidence-Based Nursing, clinical guidelines, expert consensuses, systematic reviews, and evidence summaries were systematically retrieved from UpToDate; BMJ Best Practice; Guidelines International Network; the Cochrane Library; Embase; PubMed; Sinomed; Web of Science; CNKI; WanFang database; American Academy of Neurology (AAN); American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine (ACRM); European Academy of Neurology; and National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research (NIDILRR).
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