[Post-traumatic renal arteriovenous fistula. Conservative treatment with superselective embolization].

Objective: Renal arterial-venous fistula is a low incidence clinical entity generally secondary to processes invasive to such organ. We report a new case with a bibliographic review, and evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic approach.

Methods/results: We report the case of a patient who suffered a left flank knife wound and developed an arterial-venous fistula presenting with hematuria that was solved by selective embolization.

Conclusions: Arterial-venous fistula is a low incidence entity, usually secondary to renal trauma (open or blunt) and invasive processes. Renal Doppler-Ultrasound is the initial diagnostic procedure when its diagnosis is strongly suspected and then angiography is both confirmatory and therapeutic.