The article presents a mathematic model, which describes regulation of the digestion process. The simulation was based on data on mutual influence of the factors participating in digestion regulation, which were acquired from analysis of over 1200 sources of experimental observations on digestion in dogs published in Russia and abroad, and on own experimental studies. The simulation includes 67 factors and about 400 interactions observed between them. The computer implementation of this simulation demonstrated descriptive coincidence of patterns of the variables respective to the factors of the model with experimental research data; the coincidence was observed in individual patterns and in combined patterns, as well as in coordinated responses in time.
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PLoS Biol
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
The unique architecture of the liver consists of hepatic lobules, dividing the hepatic features of metabolism into 2 distinct zones, namely the pericentral and periportal zones, the spatial characteristics of which are broadly defined as metabolic zonation. R-spondin3 (Rspo3), a bioactive protein promoting the Wnt signaling pathway, regulates metabolic features especially around hepatic central veins. However, the functional impact of hepatic metabolic zonation, regulated by the Rspo3/Wnt signaling pathway, on whole-body metabolism homeostasis remains poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Physiol (Oxf)
February 2025
Zoophysiology, Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Aim: Snakes exhibit remarkable physiological shifts when their large meals induce robust postprandial growth after prolonged fasting. To understand the regulatory mechanisms underlying this rapid metabolic transition, we examined the regulation of protein synthesis in pythons, focusing on processes driving early postprandial tissue remodeling and growth.
Methods: Using the SUnSET method with puromycin labeling, we measured in vivo protein synthesis in fasting and digesting snakes at multiple post-feeding intervals.
Adv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
Corneal substitutes with structural and compositional characteristics resembling those of natural corneas have attracted considerable attention. However, biomimicking the complex hierarchical organization of corneal stroma is challenging. In this study, humanized corneal stroma-like adhesive patches (HCSPs) are prepared through a multi-step process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxics
January 2025
School of Computer Science and Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Geo-Information Processing, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430078, China.
Anaerobic digestion (AD) technology offers significant advantages in addressing environmental issues arising from the intensification of livestock production since it enables waste reduction and energy recovery. However, the molecular composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and its linkages to microbial biodiversity during the industrial-scale AD process of chicken manure (CM) remains unclear. In this study, the chemical structure of CM digestate-derived DOM was characterized by using multi-spectroscopic techniques and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry, and the microbial composition was detected by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxins (Basel)
January 2025
Biotech Agrifood, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain.
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Ochratoxin A (OTA) are considered the most important mycotoxins in terms of food safety. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hepatotoxicity of AFB1 and OTA exposure in Wistar rats and to assess the beneficial effect of fermented whey (FW) and pumpkin (P) as functional ingredients through a proteomic approach. For the experimental procedures, rats were fed AFB1 and OTA individually or in combination, with the addition of FW or a FW-P mixture during 28 days.
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