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The number of immunocompromised host has been increasing recently. In this article, the defect of host-defence system, immune system and the way to prevent infections in these host were reviewed.
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Mar Biotechnol (NY)
March 2025
Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-Cho, Koganei-Shi, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.
Bacterial communities associated with living organisms play critical roles in maintaining health and ecological balance. While dominant bacteria have been widely studied, understanding the role of low-abundance bacteria has become increasingly important due to their unique roles, such as regulating bacterial community dynamics and supporting host-specific functions. However, detecting these bacteria remains challenging, as impurities in environmental samples mask signals and compromise the accuracy of analyses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Plant Pathol
March 2025
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Plant Disease Biology, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Counteracting plant RNA silencing ensures successful viral infection. The P25 protein encoded by potato virus X (PVX) is a multifunctional protein that acts as a viral RNA silencing suppressor (VSR). In this study, we screened out a potato type I protease inhibitor (PI) in Nicotiana benthamiana (NbPI) that interacts with P25.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEMBO Mol Med
March 2025
Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Center of Child and Adolescent Health, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Viral infections pose a significant global burden. Host susceptibility to pathogens is determined by many factors including genetic variation that can lead to immunodeficient or dysregulated antiviral immune responses. Pax5 heterozygosity (Pax5), resulting in reduced PAX5 levels in mice, mimics germline or somatic PAX5 dysregulation contributing to diseases such as childhood B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCommun Chem
March 2025
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
The unique role of proline in modulating protein folding and recognition makes it an attractive target for substitution to generate new proteomimetics. The design, synthesis, and conformational analysis of non-canonical surrogates can also aid in parsing the role of prolyl stereoelectronic effects on structure. We recently described the synthesis and conformational analysis of dehydro-δ-azaproline (ΔaPro), a novel unsaturated analogue of proline featuring a planar dehydropyrazine ring.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends Biotechnol
March 2025
Division of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China; Dalian Key Laboratory of Energy Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning, PR China. Electronic address:
The methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (also known as Komagataella pastoris) is an ideal host for producing proteins and natural products. Enhancing homologous recombination (HR) is helpful for improving the precision of genome editing, but results in stress to cellular fitness and is harmful for industrial applications. To overcome these challenges, we developed a tetracycline repressor protein (TetR)/tetO2 inducible system to dynamically regulate the HR-related gene RAD52 in P.
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