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Developing a broad-spectrum antiviral is imperative in light of the recent emergence of recurring viral infections. The critical role of host-virus attachment and membrane fusion during enveloped virus entry is a suitable target for developing broad-spectrum antivirals. A new class of flavonoid-based fusion inhibitors are designed to alter the membrane's physical properties.

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Background: Immunosuppressive agents like cyclosporine have proven effective in some pediatric cases, although there are limited case reports considering potential risks such as secondary infections.

Objective: This study investigated the safety and efficacy of Cyclosporine A in children who did not respond to high-dose corticosteroids combined with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).

Methods: We reported four pediatric patients diagnosed with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) received treatment at our institution.

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3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA; commonly referred to as "ecstasy" or "molly") is a substituted amphetamine drug that is used recreationally for its acute psychoactive effects, including euphoria and increased energy, as well as prosocial effects such as increased empathy and feelings of closeness with others. Acute adverse effects can include hyperthermia, dehydration, bruxism, and diaphoresis. Post-intoxication phenomena may include insomnia, anhedonia, anxiety, depression, and memory impairment, which can persist for days following drug cessation.

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Background: Ecthyma is a deeper form of impetigo involving the epidermis and dermis causing ulcerative plaques. Pathogens commonly responsible for the disease (group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus) typically afflicts children, presenting during early stages with skin lesions that can closely resemble other vesicular and ulcerative dermatoses, such as those observed in mpox infection. The ongoing global outbreak of monkeypox has escalated the urgency for clinicians to accurately differentiate between these conditions due to their overlapping dermatological manifestations.

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Inflammation significantly influences cellular communication in the oral environment, impacting tissue repair and regeneration. This study explores the role of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP) in modulating macrophage polarization and osteoblast differentiation. SCAPs were treated with LPS for 24 h, and sEVs from untreated (SCAP-sEVs) and LPS-treated SCAP (LPS-SCAP-sEVs) were isolated via ultracentrifugation and characterized using transmission electron microscopy, Western blot, and Tunable Resistive Pulse Sensing.

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