The importance of leptospirosis in Southeast Asia was assessed in conjunction with other studies supported by the U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2 (US NAMRU-2), Jakarta, Republic of Indonesia. These included studies of hospital-based, acute clinical jaundice in Indonesia, Lao PDR, and Socialist Republic of Vietnam; nonmalarial fever in Indonesia; and hemorrhagic fever in Cambodia. Background prevalence estimates of leptospiral infection were obtained by a cross-sectional, community-based study in Lao PDR. Laboratory testing methods involved serology, microscopic agglutination test, and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Suggestive evidence of recent leptospiral infections was detected in 17%, 13%, and 3% of patients selected on the basis of non-hepatitis A through E jaundice, nonmalarial fever, and hemorrhagic fever (in the absence of acute, dengue viral infections). Leptospiral IgG antibody, reflective of prior infections, was detected in 37% of human sera, collected in Lao PDR. The predominant leptospiral serogroups identified from cases with clinical jaundice were Hurstbridge, Bataviae, and Icterohaemorrhagiae tonkini LT 96 69. Among the nonmalarial febrile cases, Bataviae was the most frequently recognized serogroup. Pyrogenes and Hurstbridge were the principal serogroups among the hemorrhagic fever case subjects. These findings further attest to the relative importance of clinical leptospirosis in Southeast Asia. The wide spectrum of clinical signs and symptoms associated with probable, acute, leptospiral infections contributes to the potential of significant underreporting.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2002.67.278 | DOI Listing |
Rev Saude Publica
December 2024
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná. Laboratório de Doenças Infecciosas Emergentes. Curitiba, PR, Brasil.
To correlate the incidence of leptospirosis with sociodemographic data in the Brazilian Unified Health System from 2011 to 2022. This ecological study used national health and economic secondary data sources. Secondary analyses summarized the scenario of disease-related hospitalizations among federative units.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
April 2024
Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Research Medicine Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Vet World
February 2024
Tropical Disease Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Control of Opisthorchiasis (Southeast Asian Liver Fluke Disease), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
Background And Aim: Leptospirosis in felids (domestic and wild cats) presents an ongoing challenge in our understanding. Numerous studies have reported the detection of spp. in these feline populations, highlighting their potential as zoonotic carriers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Negl Trop Dis
November 2023
Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Background: Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect most impoverished communities in developing countries, like Myanmar in Southeast Asia. NTDs have been understudied and underreported in Myanmar.
Methods: A systematic review of published and grey literature (1900-2023) on neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in Myanmar was conducted.
Cureus
August 2023
Infectious Disease, Huntsville Hospital, Huntsville, USA.
Leptospirosis is mostly found in tropical regions such as Latin America and Southeast Asia. Here we present a case of leptospirosis in the United States in a 43-year-old African American male who had complications such as sepsis, acute renal failure, hyperbilirubinemia, and transaminitis. Through this case report, we want to highlight the rare occurrence of this infection in the United States.
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