Institute of Human Morphology of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences was established in 1961 and united efforts of morphologists of various profile--pathologists, cytologists, embryologists. The role of outstanding Russian morphologists and the first Institute heads is shown. Basic achievements in four research fields are characterized: in geographic pathology; structural basis of immune homeostasis in health and pathology; pathologic anatomy and pathogenesis of basic human diseases; human morpho- and embriogenesis in health and disease.
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FOXP2-immunoreactive corticothalamic neurons in neocortical layers 6a and 6b are tightly regulated by neuromodulatory systems.
iScience
January 2025
Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 10, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
The / gene, linked to fine motor control in vertebrates, is a potential candidate gene thought to play a prominent role in human language production. It is expressed specifically in a subset of corticothalamic (CT) pyramidal cells (PCs) in layer 6 (L6) of the neocortex. These L6 FOXP2+ PCs project exclusively to the thalamus, with L6a PCs targeting first-order or both first- and higher-order thalamic nuclei, whereas L6b PCs connect only to higher-order nuclei.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbundant repressor binding sites in human enhancers are associated with the fine-tuning of gene regulation.
iScience
January 2025
Computational Biology Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
The regulation of gene expression relies on the coordinated action of transcription factors (TFs) at enhancers, including both activator and repressor TFs. We employed deep learning (DL) to dissect HepG2 enhancers into positive (PAR), negative (NAR), and neutral activity regions. Sharpr-MPRA and STARR-seq highlight the dichotomy impact of NARs and PARs on modulating and catalyzing the activity of enhancers, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFForest edge landscape context affects mosquito community composition and risk of pathogen emergence.
iScience
January 2025
Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA.
Forest edges, where humans, mosquitoes, and wildlife interact, may serve as a nexus for zoonotic arbovirus exchange. Although often treated as uniform interfaces, the landscape context of edge habitats can greatly impact ecological interactions. Here, we investigated how the landscape context of forest edges shapes mosquito community structure in an Amazon rainforest reserve near the city of Manaus, Brazil, using hand-nets to sample mosquitoes at three distinct forest edge types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew evidence for the earliest ornithischian dinosaurs from Asia.
iScience
January 2025
Center for Vertebrate Evolutionary Biology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
The Early Jurassic ornithischian dinosaurs in Laurasia are dominated by armored dinosaurs, with other early ornithischian groups being rare. Here, a new taxon, gen. et sp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTherapeutic Potential and Mechanistic Insights of a Novel Synthetic α-Lactalbumin-Derived Peptide for the Treatment of Liver Fibrosis.
J Clin Exp Hepatol
December 2024
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Giza, Egypt.
Background: Liver fibrosis is a serious global health issue, but current treatment options are limited due to a lack of approved therapies capable of preventing or reversing established fibrosis.
Aim: This study investigated the antifibrotic effects of a synthetic peptide derived from α-lactalbumin in a mouse model of thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver fibrosis.
Methods: analyses were conducted to assess the physicochemical properties, pharmacophore features, and docking interactions of the peptide.
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