Hearsay testimony from children's interviewers is increasingly common in sexual abuse trials, but little is known about its effects on juries. In 2 studies, the authors examined college students' perceptions of 3 types of hearsay testimony (an actual interview with a child or an adult interviewer providing either the gist of what that child had said or a verbatim account of the interview). Interviewers were rated as more accurate and truthful than the children. The interview was rated as higher quality, and children's statements, including their false statements, were sometimes rated as more believable in the interviewer gist hearsay condition. Mock jurors reacted differently to various types of hearsay testimony, and interviewer gist testimony may favor a child's case.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.5.846 | DOI Listing |
Cognition
January 2024
The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
To glean accurate information from social networks, people should distinguish evidence from hearsay. For example, when testimony depends on others' beliefs as much as on first-hand information, there is a danger of evidence becoming inflated or ignored as it passes from person to person. We compare human inferences with an idealized rational account that anticipates and adjusts for these dependencies by evaluating peers' communications with respect to the underlying communication pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMemory
May 2021
Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA.
This study tested recall of proper names versus other details of a crime in incidental learning conditions designed to parallel recall when an "earwitness" reports what he or she overheard from someone discussing a crime. Participants heard an audio recording of someone discussing details of a crime he had committed, and they then completed filler tasks designed to mislead them as to the study's true purpose. After this short delay, participants had particularly poor recall for names in association with roles in the crime compared to other details about the crime.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gen Intern Med
June 2021
Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Background: Black Americans and women report feeling doubted or dismissed by health professionals.
Objective: To identify linguistic mechanisms by which physicians communicate disbelief of patients in medical records and then to explore racial and gender differences in the use of such language.
Design: Cross-sectional.
J Exp Child Psychol
May 2020
Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
Children aged 4.75-8.50 years (n = 127) heard testimony about improbable or impossible events-referencing either spoken hearsay, a book, or the internet-and judged whether the events could occur in reality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChildren (3.5-8.5 years; n = 105) heard claims about the occurrence of improbable or impossible events, then were asked whether the events could really happen.
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