Neurosurgeons that see children and care for those with traumatic injury are highly likely to see cases of child abuse and neglect. That fact makes it inevitable that they will encounter the legal system. It is hoped that this article has demystified the legal process and systems that one encounters in day-to-day practice. Avoiding the diagnosis of abuse because of lack of knowledge or phobia of the legal system is hazardous to the health and well-being of children.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1042-3680(01)00007-9 | DOI Listing |
JAMA Netw Open
December 2024
Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Washington University in St Louis, Missouri.
Importance: The extent to which neuroanatomical variability associated with early substance involvement, which is associated with subsequent risk for substance use disorder development, reflects preexisting risk and/or consequences of substance exposure remains poorly understood.
Objective: To examine neuroanatomical features associated with early substance use initiation and to what extent associations may reflect preexisting vulnerability.
Design, Setting, And Participants: Cohort study using data from baseline through 3-year follow-up assessments of the ongoing longitudinal Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya.
Background: Population growth and an increase in the number of Africans who survive to old age puts them at a higher risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia and Alzheimer's. Little research has been conducted on community knowledge and perceptions of dementia in rural settings in Kenya.
Method: Community health volunteers, healthcare workers (HCWs), chiefs and assistant chiefs (n = 35) participated in five focus group discussions, each comprising seven- eight people.
Objective: Foster care services in Denmark, as in many other countries, face challenges with recruitment, assessment, and retention of foster families. It is essential to understand how foster parents understand their role and how this might relate to child outcomes. This paper develops a typology of foster parent types through an ideal-type analysis of interviews with foster parents.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChild Abuse Negl
January 2025
Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY. USA.
Background: Depression is one of the most common mental health concerns among adolescents and young adults. Childhood maltreatment is a particularly potent risk factor for the subsequent development of depressive symptoms. Meanwhile, social support has been identified as a robust protective factor against depressive symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChild Abuse Negl
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Southern Methodist University, P.O. Box 750442, Dallas, TX 75275-0442, USA.
Background: Adolescents who have been sexually abused commonly experience trauma symptoms, and many spend considerable time waiting for treatment.
Objective: This study examines the extent to which adolescent perceptions of divine spiritual support, divine spiritual struggles, and self-blame collected during a screening assessment predict trauma symptoms at the beginning of treatment.
Participants And Setting: Participants were 224 adolescents (92.
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