AI Article Synopsis
- The study evaluated the use of Doppler renal resistance index (RI) and RI ratio (RIR) to differentiate between obstructive and nonobstructive hydronephrosis in children and adolescents.
- Measurements were taken from 32 healthy controls and 29 patients with various causes of hydronephrosis, revealing significant differences in RI and RIR between the groups.
- The findings suggest that RI and RIR are effective indicators for acute obstruction detection, with specific thresholds providing good sensitivity and specificity, but limitations exist in distinguishing chronic obstructions.
Article Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate Doppler renal resistance index (RI) and RI ratio (RIR) in differentiating between obstructive and nonobstructive hydronephrosis in children and adolescents. The RI and RIR were measured in 32 healthy examinees (control group) and 29 patients with unilateral hydronephrosis. Ten patients had acute obstruction caused by a ureteric stone. Seven had obstructive hydronephrosis due to uretero-pelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction. Twelve patients had nonobstructive hydronephrosis. In controls the mean RI+/-S.D. was 0.615+/-0.04, and RIR 1.045+/-0.033. In children with acute obstruction RI was 0.692+/-0.035 and RIR 1.148+/-0.037. In UPJ obstruction RI was 0.631+/-0.054 and RIR 1.059+/-0.047. In nonobstructive dilatation RI was 0.61+/-0.038 and RIR 1.043+/-0.042. The RI and RIR differences were statistically significant between controls and patients with acute colic ( p<0.01), and between patients with acute obstruction and with nonobstructive hydronephrosis ( p<0.01). In detecting acute obstruction RI>/=0.70 was found to have a 70% sensitivity and a 92% specificity. The RIR>/=1.10 was found optimal to distinguish obstructive from nonobstructive dilatation (sensitivity 90%, specificity 83%). Both RI and RIR are significantly elevated in patients with acute obstruction. Renal Doppler seems to be useful in children and adolescents for the detection of acute renal obstruction, although it cannot differentiate chronic obstruction due to the UPJ obstruction and nonobstructive renal collecting system dilatation.
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