Neurons of the rat spinal cord were stained using the Golgi impregnation method. Successfully impregnated neurons from laminae II, III, and VI were subjected to fractal and nonfractal analyses. Fractal analysis was performed using length-related techniques. Since an application of fractal methods to the analysis of dendrite arbor structures requires caution, we adopted as appropriate a nonfractal method proposing a generalized power-law model with two main nonfractal parameters: (i) the anfractuosity, characterizing the degree of dendritic deviation from straight lines; and (ii) an estimate of the total length of arbor dendrites. The anfractuosity can distinguish between two sets of drawings where the fractal methods failed. We also redefine some basic concepts of fractal geometry, present the ruler-counting method, and propose a new definition of fractal dimension.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00422-002-0342-1 | DOI Listing |
Nature
April 2024
Evolutionary Biochemistry Group, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany.
Fractals are patterns that are self-similar across multiple length-scales. Macroscopic fractals are common in nature; however, so far, molecular assembly into fractals is restricted to synthetic systems. Here we report the discovery of a natural protein, citrate synthase from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus, which self-assembles into Sierpiński triangles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neural Eng
April 2024
Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
. The development of electrical pulse stimulations in brain, including deep brain stimulation, is promising for treating various brain diseases. However, the mechanisms of brain stimulations are not yet fully understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
October 2023
School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519082, China.
Biophysical cohesive mud, consisting of clay minerals and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), plays significant role in determining sediments, nutrients and pollutants transport in estuarine and coastal systems. Series of laboratory jar experiments have been conducted aiming at filling the gap of knowledge regarding how biological cohesive EPS affects equilibrium flocculation of EPS-mineral mixtures. Four types of common clay (chlorite, kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite) were chosen due to their abundance in estuarine mud and distinct crystal chemistry and structures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRock Mech Rock Eng
December 2022
Department of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
The arrival behavior of elastic waves in a naturally fractured rock is studied based on numerical simulations. We use the discrete fracture network method to represent the distribution of a natural fracture system and employ the displacement discontinuity method to compute the propagation of elastic waves across individual fractures. We analyze macroscopic wavefield arrival properties collectively arising from the interaction between elastic waves and numerous fractures in the system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
June 2022
Department of Biomedical Engineering and Health Engineering Innovation Center, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
The complexity in the styles of 1200 Byzantine icons painted between 13th and 16th from Greece, Russia and Romania was investigated through the Kolmogorov algorithmic information theory. The aim was to identify specific quantitative patterns which define the key characteristics of the three different painting schools. Our novel approach using the artificial surface images generated with Inverse FFT and the Midpoint Displacement (MD) algorithms, was validated by comparison of results with eight fractal and non-fractal indices.
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