The aim of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that the association between nutritional status and gender of rat pups during the early postnatal period (lactation) induces changes in glucose homeostasis and blood pressure of the pups when becoming adults. The results indicate that undernourishment during lactation is associated with gender and affects glucose homeostasis and blood pressure of female adults. In our experiments, the blood glucose level at the end of a clamping was significantly different in the undernourished females (FU) compared with the female controls (FC) (FC: 11.2 +/- 0.9 mmol/l; FU: 26.9 +/- 2.1 mmol/l; p =0.001). On the other hand, the undernourished male (MU) group, when compared with the male control (MC) group, showed constant and similar glycemia during clamp-induced hyperglycemia, despite there being a significant reduction of plasma insulin (at the end of the clamping, MC: 595 +/- 35 pmol/l and MU: 210 +/- 4 pmol/l) in this group. In addition, in contrast to the control groups and the MU group, the systolic and diastolic (d) pressures at the end of the experimental period of the FU group were significantly lower than those of the FC group (FC: 15.3 +/- 0.30 mm Hg and FU: 14.7 +/- 0.25 mm Hg, p < 0.001; FCd: 7.7 +/- 0.25 mm Hg and Fud: 6.8 +/- 0.4 mm Hg, p=0.001). Therefore, our results provide clear evidence that nutrition is associated with gender during the early postnatal period by inducing persistent changes in physiological outcomes.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000065889 | DOI Listing |
Diabetes
January 2025
William Harvey Research Institute, Barts Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, UK.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to a more rapid development of DM cardiomyopathy (dbCM) and progression to heart failure in women than men. Combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and freshly-injected streptozotocin (STZ) has been widely used for DM induction, however emerging data shows that anomer-equilibrated STZ produces an early onset and robust DM model. We designed a novel protocol utilising a combination of multiple doses of anomer-equilibrated STZ injections and HFD to develop a stable murine DM model featuring dbCM analogous to humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
Context: Physical activity, exercise, or both are a staple of lifestyle management approaches both for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). While the current literature supports both physical activity and exercise for improving glycemic control, reducing cardiovascular risk, maintaining proper weight, and enhancing overall well-being, the optimal prescription regimen remains debated.
Evidence Acquisition: We searched PubMed and Google Scholar databases for relevant studies on exercise, insulin sensitivity, and glycemic control in people with T1DM and T2DM.
Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets
January 2025
Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi: Professor of Biostatistics, Cabrini Research, Cabrini Health, VIC 3144, Australia; School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia; Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Purpose Of Review: Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a devastating heritable channelopathy that can lead to sudden cardiac death in children and young adults. This review aims to explore genetics, the cardiac and extracardiac manifestations of mutations associated with CPVT, and the challenges involved with managing phenotypically variable variants.
Recent Findings: The understanding of the genetics and mechanisms of CPVT continues to grow with recent discoveries including alternative splicing of cardiac TRDN and calmodulin gene variants.
J Transl Autoimmun
June 2025
Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Regensburg, 93042, Regensburg, Germany.
Cutaneous (CLE) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are autoimmune diseases with a multifactorial pathogenesis. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the most important trigger of CLE; however, the degree of photosensitivity varies between the clinical subtypes. The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-important enzymes involved in skin turnover and homeostasis-is modulated by UVR.
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