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Hepatic metabolism and ketone production in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.
Curr Opin Gastroenterol
January 2025
Department of Nutrition Sciences.
Purpose Of Review: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is present in 25-35% of individuals in the United States. The purpose of this review is to provide the contextual framework for hepatic ketogenesis in MASLD and to spotlight recent advances that have improved our understanding of the mechanisms that drive its development and progression.
Recent Findings: Traditionally, hepatic ketogenesis has only been considered metabolically during prolonged fasting/starvation or with carbohydrate deplete ketogenic diets where ketones provide important alternative energy sources.
Classic diabetic ketoacidosis and the euglycemic variant: Something old, something new.
Cleve Clin J Med
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH; Clinical Assistant Professor, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) was historically considered a condition typical of type 1 diabetes. However, patients with type 2 diabetes may present with DKA, usually with higher blood glucose levels and milder ketoacidosis. With the increased use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors, the variant euglycemic DKA has been described.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEfficacy and safety of the glucagon receptor antagonist volagidemab in type-1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ann N Y Acad Sci
December 2024
Department of Endocrinology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India.
Article Synopsis
- The glucagon receptor antagonist volagidemab is a novel monoclonal antibody that helps manage type-1 diabetes (T1D) by lowering insulin needs and reducing risks like diabetic ketoacidosis.
- A systematic review of three randomized controlled trials (98 patients) found that volagidemab significantly decreased the total daily dose of insulin and average blood glucose levels compared to a placebo.
- Additionally, while it increased the time patients spent within the target blood glucose range, there was no significant change in the occurrence of adverse events or hypoglycemia when compared to the placebo group.
Human metabolic chambers reveal a coordinated metabolic-physiologic response to nutrition.
JCI Insight
November 2024
Vanderbilt Translational and Clinical Cardiovascular Research Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers used metabolic chamber experiments and metabolite profiling to analyze substrate oxidation rates and energy expenditure across various diets, including fasting and high-fat diets.
- * Findings reveal that diets promoting fat oxidation are linked to specific changes in metabolic pathways and metabolites, demonstrating the relationship between substrate availability and human physiology.
Identification of chikusetsusaponin IVa as a novel lysine-specific demethylase 1 inhibitor that ameliorates high fat diet-induced MASLD in mice.
Acta Pharmacol Sin
November 2024
Xi'an Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, China.
Diet-induced metabolic dysfunction steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is also called as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with limited effective strategies available. We previously have shown that chikusetsusaponin IVa (CHS), a dietary saponin from herbs in South American known for their metabolic benefits, mitigates diet-induced diabetes. In this study we investigated the beneficial effects of CHS on MASLD and the underlying mechanisms.
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