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Improved plant biomass production under low nitrogen conditions through conditional accumulation of the second messenger, guanosine tetraphosphate, in chloroplasts and mitochondria.
Front Plant Sci
January 2025
Department of Life Science and Technology, Institute of Science Tokyo, Yokohama, Japan.
To enhance plant biomass production under low nitrogen conditions, we employed a method to artificially and temporarily accumulate the bacterial second messenger, guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp), to modify plastidial or mitochondrial metabolism. Specifically, we fused a chloroplast or mitochondrial transit-peptide to the N-terminus of the bacterial ppGpp synthase YjbM, which was conditionally expressed by an estrogen-inducible promoter in . The resulting recombinant plants exhibited estrogen-dependent ppGpp accumulation in chloroplasts or mitochondria and showed reduced fresh weight compared to wild type (WT) plants when grown on agar-solidified plates containing a certain amount of estrogen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDecreased lymph node estrogen levels cause nonremitting progressive experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis disease.
PNAS Nexus
January 2025
Department of Comparative Biosciences, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Estrogen, a steroid hormone synthesized by both gonadal and nongonadal tissues, plays a pivotal role in modulating immune responses, including reducing relapse rates in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). This study explored the expression of aromatase, the enzyme responsible for estrogen synthesis, in lymph nodes (LNs) and its potential role in the pathogenesis of MS using a mouse model. We utilized Cyp19-RFP mice where cells that express or have previously expressed the Cyp19 gene (encoding aromatase) are marked by red fluorescent protein (RFP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuercetin Reduces the Susceptibility to Cardiac Reperfusion Arrhythmias in Ovariectomized Rats.
Mol Nutr Food Res
January 2025
Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally. Decrease in female sex hormones during menopause increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, mainly ischemic heart disease (IHD). Quercetin, a flavonoid, has beneficial properties in CVDs due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHarnessing Polyphenols and Novel Delivery Strategies for Effective Treatment of Breast Cancer.
Recent Adv Drug Deliv Formul
January 2025
Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India.
Article Synopsis
- Breast cancer treatment faces challenges like resistance to therapy and side effects, prompting the exploration of polyphenols, which offer antioxidant and anti-cancer benefits.
- The review discusses how polyphenols affect crucial cellular processes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, cell growth, and hormone signaling, in the context of breast cancer.
- Advanced nano-based drug delivery systems are highlighted as solutions to enhance the stability and targeted delivery of polyphenols, potentially increasing their effectiveness while reducing side effects.
Sex steroid disrupting effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the Persian Gulf Arabian Sea bream, Acanthopagrus arabicus: In vitro model of environmental drug contamination.
Toxicol In Vitro
January 2025
Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran.
The presence of pharmaceuticals in aquatic ecosystems and their impact on humans and the environment are growing concerns in environmental health. This study aimed to evaluate the potential reproductive effects of diclofenac, ibuprofen, and aspirin on dissociated ovarian and testicular cells from Arabian Sea bream, Acanthopagrus arabicus. The cells were exposed to varying concentrations of the pharmaceuticals for 48 h.
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