Age-related changes in neocortical high-voltage spindle (HVS) and in electroencephalographic (EEG) alpha power were examined in young (3.0 to 4.6 months), middle-aged (10.2 to 13.8 months), and old (21.5 to 24.0 months) male Wistar rats during quiet waking. Whereas the duration of quiet waking stage did not change as a function of age, a significant increase in HVS amount and EEG alpha peak power was observed in the middle-aged rats with only a tendency for a further enhancement in the old animals. An additional analysis showed that the elevation of alpha power is associated with age rather than with HVS activity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207450290025590 | DOI Listing |
Dev Cogn Neurosci
December 2024
Research Division of Digital Health and Applied Technology Assessment (DHATA), Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery & Palliative Care, King's College London, James Clerk Maxwell Building, 57 Waterloo Rd, London SE1 8WA, UK. Electronic address:
In older children and adults, cognition builds upon waking sensory experience which is consolidated during sleep. In the fetus and newborn, sensory input is instead largely experienced during sleep. The nature of these sensory inputs differs within sleep, between active and quiet sleep, as well as versus wakefulness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPNAS Nexus
December 2024
SISSA, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati, Cognitive Neuroscience, Trieste 34136, Italy.
Recent research involving bats flying in long tunnels has confirmed that hippocampal place cells can be active at multiple locations, with considerable variability in place field size and peak rate. With self-organizing recurrent networks, variability implies inhomogeneity in the synaptic weights, impeding the establishment of a continuous manifold of fixed points. Are continuous attractor neural networks still valid models for understanding spatial memory in the hippocampus, given such variability? Here, we ask what are the noise limits, in terms of an experimentally inspired parametrization of the irregularity of a single map, beyond which the notion of continuous attractor is no longer relevant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Rep
December 2024
Neuro-Electronics Research Flanders, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Department of Biology & Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; VIB, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address:
Behavioral influences shape processing in the retina and the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), although their precise effects on visual tuning remain debated. Using 2-photon functional Ca imaging, we characterize the dynamics of dLGN axon activity in the primary visual cortex of awake behaving mice, examining the effects of visual stimulation, pupil size, stillness, locomotion, and anesthesia. In awake recordings, nasal visual motion triggers pupil dilation and, occasionally, locomotion, increasing responsiveness and leading to an overrepresentation of boutons tuned to nasal motion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpilepsia Open
November 2024
Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Creative thinking represents one of our highest-order cognitive processes, involving multiple cortical structures and an intricate interplay between several cortical and subcortical networks. It results in novel ideas that translate to useful products or concepts. The evolutionary purpose of creativity is therefore apparent, as it advances our adaptation and survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDermatol Surg
November 2024
Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, Xi'an.
Background: In small dermatological surgeries for infant and child patients, it is required that the child be in a quiet state. However, general anesthesia not only requires the participation of professional anesthesiologists for surgery but also has a high cost and anesthesia risks. Parents have a low acceptance rate.
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