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Opioids and cerebral physiology in the acute management of traumatic brain injury: a systematic review.
Brain Inj
April 2020
a Parkwood InstituteResearch , Lawson Health Research Institute, Parkwood Institute, London , Ontario , Canada.
Background: Following traumatic brain injury (TBI), optimization of cerebral physiology is recommended to promote more favourable patient outcomes. Accompanying pain and agitation are commonly treated with sedative and analgesic agents, such as opioids. However, the impact of opioids on certain aspects of cerebral physiology is not well established.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe consolidation of neuroleptic therapy: Janssen, the discovery of haloperidol and its introduction into clinical practice.
Brain Res Bull
April 2009
Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Ctra. Madrid-Barcelona, Km. 33600, Alcalá de Henares, 29971 Madrid, Spain.
The discovery of haloperidol at the end of the 1950s constitutes one of the greatest advances of 20th century psychiatry. This antipsychotic drug has their origin in the research process of central analgesic molecules derived from pethidine and methadone, carried out by the Belgian company Janssen Phamaceutica. After the synthesis of phenoperidine, numerous analogues of this compound were studied, and chemists at Janssen took the decision to substitute the propiophenone group for a butyrophenone group.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContemporary strategies to preserve renal function during cardiac and vascular surgery.
Rev Cardiovasc Med
April 2003
Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Mortality rates associated with perioperative acute renal failure (ARF) range from 60% to 90%. The major causes of ARF are prerenal factors that decrease renal blood flow; intrarenal factors that have a direct effect on tubules, interstitium, or glomeruli; and postrenal factors that obstruct urine outflow. Current strategies to provide perioperative renal protection include maintaining adequate renal O2 delivery, suppressing renovascular vasoconstriction, renovascular vasodilatation, maintaining tubular flow, decreasing renal cellular O2 consumption, and attenuating reperfusion injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlycosylated and non-glycosylated prolactin forms are increased after opioid administration as part of surgical anaesthesia.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)
August 1995
Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Nord, Marseilles, France.
Objective: Previous studies have shown that non-glycosylated prolactin (NG-PRL) increased more markedly than glycosylated hormone (G-PRL) after TRH or metoclopramide stimulation. The aim of the present study was to determine whether such results could be extended to opioid-induced PRL stimulation.
Design: Open and prospective study.
[Cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 during general anesthesia maintained with either isoflurane-N2O or propofol-N2O. A comparative study by transcranial Doppler velocimetry].
Ann Fr Anesth Reanim
November 1995
Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Neurologique et Neurochirurgical Pierre-Wertheimer, Lyon-Montchat.
Objectives: To compare, using transcranial doppler velocimetry (TDV), the cerebral blood flow velocity and CO2 reactivity during general anaesthesia maintained with either isoflurane-N2O-O2(IF) or propofol-N2O-O2 (PF) in adults with a normal brain.
Study Design: Nonrandomized controlled trial.
Patients: Forty ASA I patients (mean age 41 +/- 13 yrs, 15 F/35 M) undergoing surgery of the lumbar spine in prone position.
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