Experimental data on the effectiveness of p-brombenzothiohydroximic S-diethylaminoethylate (diethyxime) -a new cholinesterase reactivator - are presented. The diethyximetoxicity with its single and multiple administration to animals was studied. The drug is shown to display a marked antidotal action when used in a dosage range of 490-10 mg/kg. Diethyxime is shown capable of restoring the activity of cholinesterase inhibited by dimethyldichlorovenylphosphate, of preventing the neuro-muscular block of the impulses conduction and of normalizing the function of the cardiovascular system. The drug is less toxic than is presently employed reactivator diproxime and it does not produce any side-effects on a number of organs and systems of the organism with its multiple administration to worm-blooded animals.
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ACS Med Chem Lett
December 2024
University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Organophosphorus compounds are highly toxic irreversible inhibitors of cholinesterases, causing the disruption of cholinergic functions. Treatment of poisoning includes causal antidotes (oximes) used as reactivators of inhibited cholinesterases, such as pralidoxime. In this work, new halogenated oxime reactivators derived from pralidoxime were developed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAntibiotics (Basel)
October 2024
Infectious Diseases Unit, Pescara General Hospital, 65100 Pescara, Italy.
Multidrug-resistant (CRAB) infections are a serious problem in critical care. This study aims to develop an early prognostic score for immune paralysis, using practical and cost-effective parameters, to predict ICU mortality in patients with CRAB infections being treated with Cefiderocol. We carried out an observational pilot study on consecutive patients hospitalized in the ICU with ensuing septic infections treated with Cefiderocol monotherapy or Cefiderocol including combinations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDrug Discov Today
December 2024
Tunneling Group, Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland. Electronic address:
The main function of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is to regulate the levels of one of the most important neurotransmitters: acetylcholine. This makes AChE an ideal molecular target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and dementia (such as Alzheimer's disease), as well as for the neutralisation of natural toxins (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioorg Chem
December 2024
University of Hradec Kralove, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, Biomedical Research Centre, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. Electronic address:
Mono-quaternary pyridinium oximes derived from K-oximes K027, K048 and K203 were designed, synthesized and evaluated for the reactivation of organophosphate-inhibited cholinesterases. The incorporation of the halogen atoms to the structure decreased the pK value of the oxime group resulting in an increased formation of oximate necessary for reactivation. The stability and pK values were found to be similar to analogous bis-quaternary compounds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPDA J Pharm Sci Technol
October 2024
Israel Defense Forces (IDF), Medical Corps, Pharmacy, Biomedical Engineering & Medical Supplies Branch, Israel; and.
Obidoxime chloride is an antidote for nerve gas intoxication. As an emergency medicine, it is being stored by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) scattered throughout Israel in depots without a controlled environment (field conditions), thus being exposed to high and fluctuating temperatures. These conditions do not meet the manufacturer's requirements.
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