Objective: To report computed tomographic (CT) scan ratings of various aspects of brain morphology of a large representative sample of patients with a first episode of schizophrenic psychosis and to compare these ratings with those from a previously reported sample of patients with chronic schizophrenia.
Methods: A brain CT scan was performed on 114 patients with a diagnosis of first episode of schizophrenia or schizophreniform psychosis. Ratings on sulcal and ventricular enlargement and sylvian fissure were obtained using the Computed Tomographic Rating Scale for Schizophrenia. The influence of age, sex, age of onset, duration of illness and clinical psychopathology on CT ratings was assessed using bivariate correlations and multiple regression analyses. The CT ratings were also compared with those from a sample of patients with chronic schizophrenia.
Results: First-episode patients showed a modest enlargement of sulci and ventricles and a reversed asymmetry of the sylvian fissure. Age was the only independent predictor of these regional changes. Clinical symptoms, sex or duration of untreated psychosis showed no relation to CT ratings. A comparison of first-episode patients with chronically ill patients, with the effect of age covaried, revealed the sylvian fissure was significantly larger (right and left sides) in the chronically ill patients.
Conclusions: Patients with a first episode of schizophrenic psychosis showed evidence of morphological changes generally associated with chronic schizophrenia. Such changes are not likely related to sex, clinical symptoms or duration of untreated psychosis, but are influenced by age. Changes in the ventricles and sulcal size are unlikely to be progressive, suggesting a neurodevelopmental origin, whereas changes in the area of the sylvian fissure may be of a more degenerative nature.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC161678 | PMC |
World Neurosurg
January 2025
Department of Neurological Surgery, St. John's Neuroscience Institute, Tulsa, OK. Electronic address:
Middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms remain excellent candidates for microsurgical treatment, despite proliferation of new endovascular tools. Nonetheless, patients desire less invasive options for permanent, durable treatment of their aneurysms; this is particularly the case for those presenting without subarachnoid hemorrhage, and those with multiple aneurysms that may require several surgical approaches. Keyhole craniotomies, when properly utilized in well-selected patients, allow for minimally invasive treatment of both ruptured and unruptured cerebral aneurysms, including those harboring bilateral aneurysms which may be treated from a single approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld Neurosurg
January 2025
Radiology Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 221001, Israel; The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel.
Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the time gap between earliest head CT with a significant Radscale score and ventriculo-peritoneal (VP) shunt placement.
Material And Methods: The study is a retrospective observational analytic study. The study population includes idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients treated with a VP shunt in a single center between the years 2016 and 2022 and have at least 2 CTs, one in proximity to diagnosis and another obtained at an earlier time point.
Cureus
December 2024
Neurosurgery, Southmead Hospital, North Bristol NHS, Bristol, GBR.
Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are tangles of abnormal vessels with early arteriovenous (AV) shunting that can lead to intracerebral hemorrhage, seizures, neurologic deficit, or headache. To date, only a few cases of carcinomas metastasizing to pre-existing cerebral AVMs have been reported in the literature. However, renal clear cell carcinoma (RCC) brain metastases that exhibit early AV shunting, where AVM pathology is not present, are extremely rare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Neurochir (Wien)
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Moorenstr. 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Background: The Focused Sylvian Approach (FSA) is a refined, minimally invasive technique for clipping small to medium-sized middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms, prioritizing safety and aesthetics.
Method: The craniotomy remains confined to the superior temporal line, with the incision concealed within the temporal muscle. The Sylvian fissure is carefully dissected to preserve venous structures.
J Neuroimaging
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
Background And Purpose: In idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) patients, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow is typically evaluated with a cardiac-gated two-dimensional (2D) phase-contrast (PC) MRI through the cerebral aqueduct. This approach is limited by the evaluation of a single location and does not account for respiration effects on flow. In this study, we quantified the cardiac and respiratory contributions to CSF movement at multiple intracranial locations using a real-time 2D PC-MRI and evaluated the diagnostic value of CSF dynamics biomarkers in classifying iNPH patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!