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Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a gut-brain axis disorder characterized by postprandial fullness, early satiety, bloating and/or epigastric pain, which are presumed to originate in the gastroduodenal tract. While the international recommendations in the Rome IV consensus require endoscopy to rule out an organic condition before establishing a diagnosis of FD, international guidelines recommend that, in the absence of risk factors, patient management be initiated at the primary care level by establishing Helicobacter pylori infection status, with eradication when positive, followed by empiric therapy with proton pump inhibitors and/or prokinetics, and that endoscopy be reserved for patients refractory to said measures. Second-line therapy includes neuromodulating agents, among which tricyclic antidepressants and atypical antipsychotics such as levosulpiride stand out.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTowards developing a "baby translator" - an exploration of how infant appetite cues are understood.
Appetite
January 2025
School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT. Electronic address:
Caregivers' feeding practices shape their child's eating patterns and subsequent health. Research shows that sensitive feeding is linked to healthy development and self-regulation but depends on caregiver responsiveness to infant needs and appetite cues. Responsive feeding (RF) is influenced both by characteristics of the caregiver and expressiveness of the infant.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolycystic Ovary Syndrome and Eating Disorders-A Literature Review.
J Clin Med
December 2024
Clinical Department of Gynecologic Surgery and Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder that affects women of reproductive age and is characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS is often associated with hormonal imbalances, metabolic dysfunction and comorbid psychiatric disorders, including eating disorders (EDs). The review identifies key hormonal factors-serotonin, leptin, insulin, ghrelin, kisspeptin and cortisol-and their roles in the pathophysiology of PCOS and associated psychiatric symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMaternal Perception and Childhood Overweight: Examining Parenting Styles and Eating Behaviors Among Preschoolers: A Cross-Sectional Study from Samsun, Türkiye.
Nutrients
January 2025
Department of Social Pediatrics, Institute of Health Sciences and Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, 06230 Ankara, Türkiye.
Background: Accurate maternal perceptions of children's weight status are crucial for early childhood obesity prevention, with evidence suggesting that maternal misperception may delay timely interventions. This study investigated the accuracy of maternal perceptions of child weight and examined associations with parenting styles and children's eating behaviors and demographic factors among preschool-aged children in Samsun, Türkiye.
Methods: This cross-sectional study included 318 mother-child pairs recruited from preschools in socio-economically diverse areas of Samsun.
Appetite-related Gut Hormone Responses to Feeding Across the Life Course.
J Endocr Soc
January 2025
The Rowett Institute, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK.
Appetite-related hormones are secreted from the gut, signaling the presence of nutrients. Such signaling allows for cross-talk between the gut and the appetite-control regions of the brain, influencing appetite and food intake. As nutritional requirements change throughout the life course, it is perhaps unsurprising that appetite and eating behavior are not constant.
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