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A sort and sequence approach to dissect heterogeneity of response to a self-amplifying RNA vector in a novel human muscle cell line.
Mol Ther Nucleic Acids
March 2025
Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, UK.
Self-amplifying RNA (saRNA) is an extremely promising platform because it can produce more protein for less RNA. We used a sort and sequence approach to identify host cell factors associated with transgene expression from saRNA; the hypothesis was that cells with different expression levels would have different transcriptomes. We tested this in CDK4/hTERT immortalized human muscle cells transfected with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV)-derived saRNA encoding GFP.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle-cell and spatiotemporal transcriptomic profiling of brain immune infiltration following Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States.
Neurotropic alphaviruses such as Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) are critical human pathogens that continually expand to naïve populations and for which there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics. VEEV is highly infectious via the aerosol route and is a recognized weaponizable biothreat that causes neurological disease in humans. The neuropathology of VEEV has been attributed to an inflammatory immune response in the brain yet the underlying mechanisms and specific immune cell populations involved are not fully elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn vitro assessment of horse-isolated strains of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Ligilactobacillus equi species for fecal microbiota modulation in horses.
J Equine Vet Sci
December 2024
Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry of Dairy Products, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain. Electronic address:
Horses are hindgut fermenters that harbor a complex intestinal microbiota (IM) which provides key enzymes aiding in the breakdown of complex carbohydrates present in their herbivorous diet. Therefore, these animals are deeply dependent on their IM for digestion and nutrition. Consequently, IM imbalances may result in alteration of fermentation patterns with impact on the animal health and the risk of disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Role of Working Animals and Their Welfare Issues in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Vet Med Int
December 2024
Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mekdela Amba University, P.O. Box 32, Tulu Awuliya, Ethiopia.
Working animals provide a critical socioeconomic role for many low-income communities, especially in Ethiopia nearly all draft power for agriculture production is generated from working animals. However, the welfare status of working animals remains worst in the country. Hence, understanding the major welfare problems of working animals is the key to improve their welfare status and to maximize their economic contribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe rhythm of horse gaits.
Ann N Y Acad Sci
December 2024
Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
What makes animal gaits so audibly rhythmic? To answer this question, we recorded the footfall sound of 19 horses and quantified the rhythmic differences in the temporal structure of three natural gaits: walk, trot, and canter. Our analyses show that each gait displays a strikingly specific rhythmic pattern and that all gaits are organized according to small-integer ratios, those found when adjacent temporal intervals are related by a mathematically simple relationship of integer numbers. Walk and trot exhibit an isochronous structure (1:1)-similar to a ticking clock-while canter is characterized by three small-integer ratios (1:1, 1:2, 2:1).
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