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Comparative diversification analyses of Hydrangeaceae and Loasaceae reveal complex evolutionary history as species disperse out of Mesoamerica.
Am J Bot
January 2025
School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164, Washington, USA.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores how intercontinental movements of certain plant lineages (Hydrangeaceae and Loasaceae) may promote ecological opportunities and species diversity.
- Researchers reconstructed a phylogeny using molecular data and analyzed speciation rates, finding that while some clades showed increased diversification, it wasn't linked to new continental colonization.
- The findings suggest that climate change in the Miocene played a more significant role in species diversification rather than dispersal across continents, indicating that changes in habitats drove evolutionary changes instead of location shifts.
Differences in gut microbial diversity and composition between growth phenotypes of farmed juvenile sandfish, Holothuria scabra.
BMC Microbiol
January 2025
The Marine Science Institute, College of Science, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines.
Background: The observed growth variability of different aquaculture species in captivity hinders its large-scale production. For the sandfish Holothuria scabra, a tropical sea cucumber species, there is a scarcity of information on its intestinal microbiota in relation to host growth, which could provide insights into the processes that affect growth and identify microorganisms with probiotic or biochemical potential that could improve current production strategies. To address this gap, this study used 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing to characterize differences in gut and fecal microbiota among large and small juveniles reared in floating ocean nurseries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlobal diversification of the common moonwort ferns (Botrychium lunaria group, Ophioglossaceae) was mainly driven by Pleistocene climatic shifts.
Ann Bot
January 2025
Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Background And Aims: The cosmopolitan Botrychium lunaria group belong to the most species rich genus of the family Ophioglossaceae and was considered to consist of two species until molecular studies in North America and northern Europe led to the recognition of multiple new taxa. Recently, additional genetic lineages were found scattered in Europe, emphasizing our poor understanding of the global diversity of the B. lunaria group, while the processes involved in the diversification of the group remain unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe formation, maintenance, and loss of island biodiversity.
Yi Chuan
January 2025
Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Zhejiang Zhoushan Island Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Institute of Eco-Chongming, Zhejiang Tiantong Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China.
Due to the unique geographical features of large numbers, isolated by water and diverse formation histories, islands have become natural laboratories for ecological and evolutionary research. Islands have a high proportion of endemic species and disharmony in representing the species compared with that in the continent, which provides a good opportunity to explore the formation of island biodiversity. In this review, we focuse on island ecosystems and describes the progress of research in island biogeography in recent years from three aspects: formation, maintenance, and loss of island biodiversity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Highly Divergent Mitochondrial Genome in Extant Cape Buffalo From Addo Elephant National Park, South Africa.
Ecol Evol
January 2025
Molecular Ecology and Evolution Programme, Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa.
The reduced cost of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has allowed researchers to generate nuclear and mitochondrial genome data to gain deeper insights into the phylogeography, evolutionary history and biology of non-model species. While the Cape buffalo () has been well-studied across its range with traditional genetic markers over the last 25 years, researchers are building on this knowledge by generating whole genome, population-level data sets to improve understanding of the genetic composition and evolutionary history of the species. Using publicly available NGS data, we assembled 40 Cape buffalo mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) from four protected areas in South Africa, expanding the geographical range and almost doubling the number of mitogenomes available for this species.
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