Clinical trials were carried out in 44 patients during cholecystectomies. The patients were divided into 2 groups (22 pts each) receiving (1) Xe:O2 (70:30) or (2) N2O:O2 (70:30) + phentanyl (0.1 ml boluses every 20 min). Neurohumoral parameters (ACTH, hydrocortisone, STH, prolactin, aldosterone, insulin) were almost identically activated in both groups. However, Xe monoanesthesia provided an anabolic pattern and better preserved the defense mechanisms of the organism in comparison with N2O + phentanyl anesthesia. Moreover, the STH/hydrocortisone ratio was 2-fold higher in the Xe group vs. N2O + phentanyl group. The activities of thyroid hormones (TSH, T3, T4) fluctuated within the normal range, which was indicative of adequate phases of anesthesia in both groups. The parameters of central hemodynamics and metabolism also indicated sufficient depth of anesthesia.
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