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Total saponin extracts of Pseudostellaria heterophylla ameliorates meibomian gland dysfunction through SCD1/SPT1/ceramide axis.

J Ethnopharmacol

January 2025

The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Eye Institute of Xiamen University, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China; Xiamen Key Laboratory of Chiral Drugs, Xiamen, China. Electronic address:

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Tài Zǐ Shēn, TZS) is a traditional Chinese medicine with spleen and qi benefits. Its immunomodulatory, anti-fatigue, anti-stress, and lipid metabolism regulation effects have been clinically confirmed, but its role in meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is still unclear.

Aim Of The Study: This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of action of TZS in treating MGD.

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Background: Visual dysfunction, including abnormal stereopsis, is a significant non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD) that can reduce quality of life and appears early in the disease. Abnormal stereopsis is associated with worsening of bradykinesia and freezing of gait, though the exact pathways linking stereopsis to motor symptoms remain unclear. Furthermore, in PD patients, the pedunculopontine nucleus and laterodorsal tegmental complex play an active role in sensorimotor control, and these areas provide cholinergic projections.

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Grids designed for tomography: Stereovision transmission electron microscopy makes it easy to determine the winding handedness of helical nanocoils.

Micron

January 2025

Health and Medical Research Institute, Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central-6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan. Electronic address:

Determining the handedness of helical nanocoils using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has traditionally been challenging due to the deep depth of field and transmission nature of TEM, complementary techniques are considered necessary and have been practiced such as low angle rotary shadowing, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), or atomic force microscopy (AFM). These methods require customized sample preparation, making direct comparison difficult. Inspired by the need to identify the helical winding direction from TEM images alone, we developed a specialized tomography grid to capture stereo-pair images, enabling stereopsis.

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Stereo-seq of the prefrontal cortex in aging and Alzheimer's disease.

Nat Commun

January 2025

Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.

Aging increases the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), driving pathological changes like amyloid-β (Aβ) buildup, inflammation, and oxidative stress, especially in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). We present the first subcellular-resolution spatial transcriptome atlas of the human prefrontal cortex (PFC), generated with Stereo-seq from six male AD cases at varying neuropathological stages and six age-matched male controls. Our analyses revealed distinct transcriptional alterations across PFC layers, highlighted disruptions in laminar structure, and exposed AD-related shifts in layer-to-layer and cell-cell interactions.

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Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) techniques can be used to navigate the visually impaired, but the development of robust SLAM solutions for crowded spaces is limited by the lack of realistic datasets. To address this, we introduce InCrowd-VI, a novel visual-inertial dataset specifically designed for human navigation in indoor pedestrian-rich environments. Recorded using Meta Aria Project glasses, it captures realistic scenarios without environmental control.

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