We show experimentally that the two-component multimode spatial optical vector soliton, i.e., a two-hump self-guided laser beam, exhibits in Kerr media a sharp space-inversion symmetry-breaking instability. The experiment is performed in a CS2 planar waveguide using the orthogonal circular polarization states of light as the two components of the vector soliton.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.89.083901 | DOI Listing |
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
University of Maryland, College Park, Joint Quantum Institute, Condensed Matter Theory Center and, Department of Physics, Maryland 20742-4111, USA.
Discrete time crystals are novel phases of matter that break the discrete time translational symmetry of a periodically driven system. In this Letter, we propose a classical system of weakly nonlinear parametrically driven coupled oscillators as a test bed to understand these phases. Such a system of parametric oscillators can be used to model period-doubling instabilities of Josephson junction arrays as well as semiconductor lasers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe goal of this article is to identify and understand the fundamental role of spatial symmetries in the emergence of undulatory swimming using an anguilliform robot. Here, the local torque at the joints of the robot is controlled by a chain of oscillators forming a central pattern generator (CPG). By implementing a symmetric CPG with respect to the transverse plane, motor activation waves are inhibited, preventing the emergence of undulatory swimming and resulting in an oscillatory gait.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
December 2024
State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Ordered polar structures in oxide nanofilms play a pivotal role in the development of nanoelectronic applications. Hitherto, ordered polar structures have been restricted to a limited number of ferroelectric materials, and there is no effective scheme to induce and manipulate ordered polar patterns in centrosymmetric nonpolar nanofilms due to the absence of spontaneous symmetry breaking. Here, we circumvent these limitations by utilizing the wrinkle-induced strain gradient modulation associated with flexoelectricity as a general means of inducing and manipulating ordered polar patterns in nonpolar nanofilms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
November 2024
Institute for Multiscale Thermofluids, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, The King's Buildings Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FB, United Kingdom.
The shape and stability of a droplet in contact with a solid surface is affected by the chemical composition and topography of the solid, and crucially, by the droplet's size. During a variation in size, most often observed during evaporation, droplets on smooth patterned surfaces can undergo sudden shape and position changes. Such changes, called snaps, are prompted by the surface pattern and arise from fold and pitchfork bifurcations which respectively cause symmetric and asymmetric motions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Chem
September 2024
Department of Molecular Processes and Extreme States of Matter, Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.
The advancement of experimental methods has provided new information about the structure and structural fluctuations of water. Despite the appearance of numerous models, which aim to describe a wide range of thermodynamic and electrical characteristics of water, there is a deficit in systemic understanding of structuring in aqueous solutions. A particular challenge is the fact that even pure water is a heterogeneous, multicomponent system composed of molecular and supramolecular structures.
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