Behavioral side effects associated with benzodiazepines (such as clonazepam, diazepam, and lorazepam) are an easily overlooked and underrecognized problem with individuals who have mental retardation and can be inadvertently confused with other behavioral or psychiatric conditions. Based upon a literature review, behavioral side effects occurred for 13.0% of 446 individuals with mental retardation who were prescribed benzodiazepines for either behavioral or psychiatric conditions (n = 138, 17.4%), epilepsy (n = 208, 15.4%), or other medical conditions such as myoclonus or cerebral palsy (n = 100, 2.0%). Behavioral side effects for individual benzodiazepines for which data were available ranged from 11.4% to 25.0%. Implications of nonrecognition are discussed, and clinical indicators suggesting review by appropriate medical personnel are provided.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/0895-8017(2002)107<0376:BBSERA>2.0.CO;2 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Dynamic reciprocal morphological changes in insect hosts and bacterial symbionts.
J Exp Biol
January 2025
Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road NE Atlanta, USA.
Symbiotic interactions, central to most life on Earth, are interwoven associations that vary in intimacy and duration. Some of the most well-known examples of symbioses occur between animals and gut bacteria. These associations lead to physiological integration of host and symbionts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA bibliometric study on the impact of gut microbiota on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients: analysis of the top 100 cited articles.
Front Immunol
January 2025
School of Basic Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have transformed oncological treatment by modulating immune responses against tumors. However, their efficacy is subject to inter-patient variability and is associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The human gut microbiota, a complex microbial ecosystem, is increasingly implicated in modulating responses to ICIs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle cell RNA sequencing improves the next generation of approaches to AML treatment: challenges and perspectives.
Mol Med
January 2025
Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, 8174673461, Iran.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is caused by altered maturation and differentiation of myeloid blasts, as well as transcriptional/epigenetic alterations, all leading to excessive proliferation of malignant blood cells in the bone marrow. Tumor heterogeneity due to the acquisition of new somatic alterations leads to a high rate of resistance to current therapies or reduces the efficacy of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), thus increasing the risk of relapse and mortality. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) will enable the classification of AML and guide treatment approaches by profiling patients with different facets of the same disease, stratifying risk, and identifying new potential therapeutic targets at the time of diagnosis or after treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRepetitive neonatal pain increases spinal cord DNA methylation of the µ-opioid receptor.
Pediatr Res
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Mental Health and Neuroscience Research Institute, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
Background: Repetitive neonatal painful procedures experienced in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are known to alter the development of the nociceptive system and have long-lasting consequences. Recent evidence indicates that NICU stay affects the methylation of the opioid receptor mu 1 encoding gene (Mor-1). Additionally, a preclinical model of neonatal procedural pain established lower adult post-operative MOR-1 levels in the spinal cord.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!