Radon remediation programmes in domestic dwellings were carried out in five areas, from three counties of England, and the total costs obtained. A single company, which abided by the Code of Practice of the Radon Council of Great Britain, carried out the remediation. The dose savings from the programmes were calculated and used to estimate the number of lung cancers averted. The data obtained allowed the cost-effectiveness of the remediation programmes in each area to be calculated. The remediation programmes in three areas (Northants 2, 3 and North Oxfordshire) were cost-effective whereas those in two areas (Northants 1 and North Somerset) were not. To be cost-effective, the Northants I and North Somerset areas would need to increase the number of householders that carried out remediation, if they were over the UK Action Level. Health policy makers should concentrate their resources on communities in areas where there is a significant proportion of dwellings above the UK Action Level and where the number of properties being remediated is low.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0265-931x(01)00156-4 | DOI Listing |
Water Res
December 2024
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, United States. Electronic address:
Military bases and airports are often contaminated by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) due to the repeated use of aqueous film forming foams (AFFFs) from decades of training exercises, equipment testing, and extinguishing of fuel- and solvent-based fires. Pump-and-treat systems combined with sorption processes are common ex situ remediation strategies; however, they can be expensive and may require decades of operation, particularly at sites where long-term diffusion and desorption of contaminants are the primary release processes. Alternatively, in situ chemical oxidation is an effective remediation strategy in which oxidants (e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChin Med
December 2024
School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China.
Background: Liver fibrosis is a complex reparative process in response to chronic liver injuries, with limited effective therapeutic options available in clinical practice. During liver fibrosis, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) undergo phenotypic changes and also play a role in modulating cellular communications. Si-Wu-Tang (SWT), a traditional Chinese herbal remedy, has been extensively studied for its effectiveness in treating hematological, gynecological and hepatic diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Manage
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China. Electronic address:
There is a gap in understanding the different contributions of biodegradation and free radical oxidation using calcium peroxide (CaO) for the remediation of mixed contaminants of benzene and chlorobenzene in groundwater. In this study, the remedial efficiency and mechanisms of benzene and chlorobenzene co-contaminants using CaO were explored by an integrated approach of field study and laboratory validation. It was found that in the field demonstration program, the radius of influence for each injection point using Geoprobe direct-push was larger than the designed value of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Plant Biol
December 2024
Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Ed. C6, Planta Baja, Córdoba, 14071, Spain.
The increase in the global population and industrial activities has led to an extensive use of water, the release of wastewater, and overall contamination of the environment. To address these issues, efficient treatment methods have been developed to decrease wastewater nutrient content and contaminants. Microalgae are a promising tool as a sustainable alternative to traditional wastewater treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Pharm Teach Learn
December 2024
Department of Pharmacotherapy and Outcomes Science, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Pharmacy, 410 North 12th Street, Richmond, VA 23298, United States of America. Electronic address:
Objective: To determine components and assessments included in Advanced Pharmacy Practice Experience (APPE) readiness plans in United States Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) programs.
Methods: An electronic survey was emailed to the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy Laboratory Instructors Special Interest Group. Survey items included demographic information about the program, APPE-readiness plan implementation status and components.
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