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Introduction: Inguinal hernia surgery, a common procedure worldwide, continues to develop to achieve minimal access and tension-free repairs. However, a universally accepted technique has yet to be developed. Our study introduces a new approach, a modified tumescent transabdominal pre-peritoneal (TAPP), to a low-cost setting.

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We present a challenging case of a loss of domain (LOD) inguinoscrotal hernia in a 77-year-old high-risk patient, successfully managed with the complementary preoperative use of progressive pneumoperitoneum (PPP) and botulinum toxin A (BTA) without complications. Giant inguinoscrotal and LOD hernias, particularly in multimorbid patients, are highly complex and require meticulous preoperative preparation. In this case, PPP was performed with ambient air and a gradual increase in insufflation volume, while BTA was injected at three points on each side, with a total dose of 300 IU.

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Introduction And Importance: Pneumoperitoneum is a well-known consequence of gastrointestinal perforations but can also be a consequence of medical diseases such as asthma exacerbations or interventions such as mechanical ventilation. Tension pneumoperitoneum is a rare, life-threatening form of large volume pneumoperitoneum that can cause cardiovascular and respiratory compromise due to increased intra-abdominal pressure.

Case Presentation: We present a case report where an 86-year-old male was diagnosed with large volume pneumoperitoneum with compression of the inferior vena cava and intra-abdominal hollow and solid organs due to a suspected splenic flexure perforation in the setting of an acute colonic pseudo-obstruction that was able to be successfully managed solely with bedside needle decompression.

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Tension pneumoperitoneum is a surgical emergency. Although rare, failure to diagnose and treat the condition may be lethal. Hence, being aware of this phenomenon, particularly in scenarios involving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), is important.

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A compressed air nozzle has the potential to result in lethal injuries when handled inappropriately. Owing to the rarity of colorectal perforations due to barotrauma, no clear pathway to managing them has been established. We report an incident of a 33-year-old male patient who presented with tension pneumoperitoneum due to rectosigmoid perforations after being subjected to transanal compressed air insult.

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