Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21215 Egypt.
Published: August 2002
AI Article Synopsis
Article Abstract
Three prenylated flavonoid derivatives; 5,7,4'-trihydroxy-8-(3"'-methylbut-2"'-enyl)-6-(2"-hydroxy-3"-methylbut-3"enyl) isoflavone (isoerysenegalensein E), 5,7,2'-trihydroxy-4'-methoxy-5'-(3"-methylbut-2"-enyl) isoflavanone (lysisteisoflavanone), 5, 4'-dihydroxy-6-(3"'-methylbut-2"'-enyl)-2"-hydroxyisopropyl dihydrofurano [4",5":8,7] isoflavone (isosenegalensin), together with the four known flavonoids abyssinone V-4'-methylether, alpinumisoflavone, wighteone and burttinone were isolated from the stem bark of Erythrina lysistemon Hutch. (Leguminosae). Structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.
Ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) are small wood-boring insects that live in an obligate symbiosis with fungi, which serve as their primary food source. Beetles residing in the genus have evolved a unique association with a clade of that falls within the aptly named Ambrosia Clade (AFC). The discovery of the invasive polyphagous shot hole borer, , in South Africa, has heightened awareness of ambrosia beetles and their symbionts in the country.
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Bark is frequently used in southern African traditional medicine to treat inflammation, yet it remains to be rigorously examined for its immunological and anti-inflammatory activity.
Aim Of The Study: Barks obtained from ten important and popular southern Africa plants were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties against the secretion of some pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) as well as chemokines (monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2) in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages.
The roots of , growing in Egypt, yielded 24 flavonoid compounds, including 17 pterocarpans, two isoflavanones, one flavanone, two isoflavans, one 2-arylbenzofuran, and an isoflava-3-ene. Nine pterocarpans have not been reported previously (-, -, , and ), and 11 are reported here for the first time from this species. Structures were established using HRESIMS, NMR, and circular dichroism techniques.
Indigenous trade of medicinal plants in South Africa is a multi-million-rand industry and is still highly relevant in terms of primary health care. The purpose of this study was to identify today's most traded medicinal barks, traditionally and contemporaneously used for dermatological, gastrointestinal, and respiratory tract infections; then, to investigate the antimicrobial activity and toxicity of the respective extracts and interpret outcomes in light of pharmacokinetics. Thirty-one popularly traded medicinal barks were purchased from the Faraday and Kwa Mai-Mai markets in Johannesburg, South Africa.
Prenylated (iso)flavonoids, -flavans and pterocarpans from taxa in are repeatedly flagged as potent antimicrobial compounds. In the current study, bark from was extracted and seven isoflavone derivatives were purified: erybraedin A (), phaseollidin (), abyssinone V-4' methyl ether (), eryzerin C (), alpumisoflavone (), cristacarpin () and lysisteisoflavone (). Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values were determined against a range of species of bacteria (skin pathogens), then values for another 67 derivatives from , only against , were mined from the literature.
