A distinction is drawn between non-conscious (unexperienced), conscious (experienced), and meta-conscious (re-represented) mental processes. There is evidence for two types of dissociations between consciousness and meta-consciousness, the latter being defined as the intermittent explicit re-representation of the contents of consciousness. Temporal dissociations occur when an individual, who previously lacked meta-consciousness about the contents of consciousness, directs meta-consciousness towards those contents; for example, catching one's mind wandering during reading. Once meta-consciousness is triggered, translation dissociations can occur if the re-representation process misrepresents the original experience, such as when one verbally reflects on non-verbal experiences or takes stock of subtle or ambiguous experiences.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1364-6613(02)01949-6 | DOI Listing |
eNeuro
January 2025
Research School of Psychology, Australian National University, 0200, Australia.
Inner speech refers to the silent production of language in one's mind. As a purely mental action without obvious physical manifestations, inner speech has been notoriously difficult to quantify. Inner speech is thought to be closely related to overt speech.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Nurs
January 2025
Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Background: Older adults receiving home care often face significant safety risks related to medication management due to their chronic diseases and complex health needs. Despite the increasing reliance on home healthcare services, the specific factors contributing to medication safety risks in this demographic remain inadequately explored.
Objective/aim: This study aims to explore the key factors involved in medication safety risks among older adults with chronic diseases receiving home healthcare in Iran.
Front Physiol
January 2025
Laboratory for Radiation Chemistry and Physics-030, Institute for Nuclear Sciences Vinča-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Introduction: The relationship between brain activity and respiration is recently attracting increasing attention, despite being studied for a long time. Respiratory modulation was evidenced in both single-cell activity and field potentials. Among EEG and intracranial measurements, the effect of respiration was prevailingly studied on amplitude/power in all frequency bands.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci
January 2025
Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada (CICA), Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile.
Postoperative delirium (POD), an acute cognitive dysfunction linked to morbidity and mortality, is characterized by memory impairments and disturbances in consciousness, particularly in patients aged 65 and older. Neuroinflammation and NAD+ imbalance are key mechanisms behind POD, leading to synaptic and cognitive deterioration. However, how surgery contributes to POD and neuroinflammation remains unclear, and effective treatments are lacking.
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