Type 1 (T1) cytokine responses are required for the clearance of hepatitis C virus by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, but can promote liver damage. Interferon-alpha (IFN alpha) can be expected to promote T1 cytokine responses, so treatment outcome may depend on the T1/T2 cytokine environment and levels of immune activation at baseline. This model was tested by monitoring immunological markers in a pilot study of treatment naïve patients given IFN alpha 2b and ribavirin, with the aim of finding markers that predict virological outcome. Soluble (s) CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV enzyme activity and levels of sCD30, bioavailable IL-6, sTNF-RI, IL-1ra and nitrite/nitrate (NO(2)(-)/NO(3)(-)) were measured. Levels of IL-1ra and bioavailable IL-6 were lower in patients than controls and did not change with therapy. Treatment decreased sCD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV enzyme activities and sCD30 levels and increased NO(2)(-)/NO(3)(-) levels. High baseline sCD30 levels predicted an early (P = 0.008) and sustained (P = 0.03) virological response to therapy, suggesting treatment may be more effective in patients with a predominant T2 profile.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1711.2002.01102.x | DOI Listing |
Front Immunol
December 2024
Laboratory of Fish Protistology, Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czechia.
From ancient cold-blooded fishes to mammals, all vertebrates are protected by adaptive immunity, and retain immunological memory. Although immunologists can demonstrate these phenomena in all fish, the responding cells remain elusive, without the tools to study them nor markers to define them. Fundamentally, we posited that it is longevity that defines a memory cell, like how it is antibody production that defines a plasma cell.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230022, China. Electronic address:
Synovial hyperplasia, inflammation and immune cell infiltration are the central pathological basis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Nonetheless, the cellular, molecular and immunological mechanisms of RA remain poorly understood. An integrated analysis of single-cell RNA (scRNA) and bulk RNA sequencing datasets aimed to unravel the cellular landscape, differentiation trajectory, transcriptome signature, and immunoinfiltration feature of RA synovium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Infect
January 2025
Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. Electronic address:
Objective: To evaluate the long-term humoral immune response to Nipah virus (NiV) in a cohort of 25 survivors after 25 years of post-infection.
Methods: A total of 25 survivors of NiV infection from the 1998 outbreak were recruited for sample collection. The serum IgG antibody response to NiV antigens, specifically nucleocapsid (N), fusion glycoprotein (F) and attachment glycoprotein (G) was evaluated using ELISA.
Trials
January 2025
Center for Research in Neuropsychology and Cognitive and Behavioral Intervention, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Background: Breast cancer is the most diagnosed cancer in women worldwide and carries a considerable psychosocial burden. Interventions based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and compassion-based approaches show promise in improving adjustment and quality of life in people with cancer. The Mind programme is an integrative ACT and compassion-based intervention tailored for women with breast cancer, which aims to prepare women for survivorship by promoting psychological flexibility and self-compassion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) improve prognosis in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Nilotinib and ponatinib, second- and third-generation TKIs, respectively, have been reported to cause adverse vascular occlusive events such as myocardial infarction and peripheral arterial disease. However, little is known about the risk of cerebral infarction associated with severe cerebrovascular stenosis, which is a late complication of TKIs.
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