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TRAIL agonists rescue mice from radiation-induced lung, skin or esophageal injury.
J Clin Invest
January 2025
Laboratory of Translational Oncology and Translational Cancer Therapeutics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, United States of America.
Radiotherapy can be limited by pneumonitis which is impacted by innate immunity, including pathways regulated by TRAIL death receptor DR5. We investigated whether DR5 agonists could rescue mice from toxic effects of radiation and found two different agonists, parenteral PEGylated trimeric-TRAIL (TLY012) and oral TRAIL-Inducing Compound (TIC10/ONC201) could reduce pneumonitis, alveolar-wall thickness, and oxygen desaturation. Lung protection extended to late effects of radiation including less fibrosis at 22-weeks in TLY012-rescued survivors versus un-rescued surviving irradiated-mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRadiotherapy combined with chemoimmunotherapy improves survival compared to chemoimmunotherapy alone as first-line treatment for oligometastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Strahlenther Onkol
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Clinical Research Center for Radiation Oncology, 050011, Shijiazhuang, China.
Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of radiotherapy combined with chemoimmunotherapy (RCIT) versus chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) alone as first-line treatment for oligometastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OESCC) at initial diagnosis.
Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 140 patients newly diagnosed with OESCC who received RCIT or CIT as first-line treatment between June 2018 and December 2021. Among them, 76 patients were in the RCIT cohort and 64 patients in the CIT cohort.
Proton radiotherapy significantly reduces pneumonia in oesophageal cancer patients.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address:
Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) followed by surgical resection is the current standard of care for oesophageal cancer (EC) patients. This treatment is associated with a variety of complications, with pneumonia being the most common. We hypothesize that proton radiotherapy (PRT) can significantly reduce the incidence of pneumonia compared to photon radiotherapy (PhRT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntensity-modulated radiation therapy for early-stage breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Sao Paulo Med J
January 2025
Professor, Discipline of Evidence-Based Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Consultant, Centre of Health Technology Assessment, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
Background: Radiation therapy (RT) is a standard treatment for non-metastatic breast cancer and is associated with acute and late toxicities. Intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) may decrease toxicity and is convenient for patients.
Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of IMRT in women with early stage breast cancer.
Combining radiotherapy with targeted therapy benefits patients with advanced epidermal growth factor receptor-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (EGFRm NSCLC). However, the optimal strategy to combine EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) with radiotherapy for maximum efficacy and minimal toxicity is still uncertain. Notably, EVs, which serve as communication mediators among tumor cells, play a crucial role in the anti-tumor immune response.
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