The cDNA thymosin beta(4) was synthesized by combining of chemical and enzymatic methods. First, two complement fragments of thymosin beta(4) cDNA were synthesized by DNA synthesizer, and then denatured, annealed and extended by DNA polymerase. This fragment of thymosin beta(4) was then inserted into the EcoRV and HindIII restriction endonuclease site of an expression plasmid pLDH4 (a kind of E.coli plasmid) by blunt and cohesive ligations. Finally, the recombinant plasmid which expressed thymosin beta(4) was screened by digestion and DNA sequencing. This recombinant plasmid highly expressed the thymosin beta(4), which accounted for 30% of total bacteria proteins. By salting out and chromatography, a 95% purity of recombinant thymosin beta(4) was obtained. Biological assay indicated that the recombinant thymosin beta(4) could induce lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation.
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Free Radic Biol Med
January 2025
Department of Aesthetic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100144, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:
Autologous fat grafting is a widely used technique in plastic and reconstructive surgery, but its efficacy is often limited by the poor survival rate of transplanted adipose tissue. This study aims to enhance the survival of fat grafts by investigating the role of thymosin beta-4 (Tβ4) in facilitating mitochondrial transfer from adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) to adipocytes and newly formed blood vessels within the grafts via tunneling nanotubes (TNTs). We demonstrate that Tβ4 upregulates the Rac/F-actin pathway, leading to an increased formation of TNTs and subsequent transfer of mitochondria from ADSCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
November 2024
Cardiovascular Development Group, Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain.
Cardiac development is a complex developmental process. The early cardiac straight tube is composed of an external myocardial layer and an internal endocardial lining. Soon after rightward looping, the embryonic heart becomes externally covered by a new epithelial lining, the embryonic epicardium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pharm Pharmacol
November 2024
Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, 20 Dongdajie Street, Fengtai District, Beijing 100071, China.
Objectives: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive, and fibrotic interstitial lung disease. The two drugs indicated for IPF have limited efficacy and there is an urgent need to develop new drugs. Thymosin β4 (Tβ4) is a natural endogenous repair factor whose antifibrotic effects have been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiscov Oncol
November 2024
General Surgery Ward 4, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, Qinghai, China.
Background: Ferroptosis and inflammation are involved in cancer progression. The aim of this study was to identify inflammation-associated ferroptosis regulators in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
Methods: FerrDb database was searched for ferroptosis-related genes.
J Proteomics
January 2025
Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche (SCITEC) "Giulio Natta", Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Rome, Italy. Electronic address:
The immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties of the human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSCs) secretome are acknowledged but the understanding of the specific bioactive components remains incomplete. To address these limitations, the present investigation aimed to profile the proteins and peptides content of the hAMSC secretome through sample pretreatment and fractionation on 10 kDa molecular cut-off FASP (Filter Aided Sample Preparation) device and LC-MS analysis. The filter retained protein fraction underwent trypsin digestion, while the unretained was collected unchanged for intact small proteins and peptides analysis.
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