J Adolesc Health
Medical Foundation, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Published: July 2002
Purpose: To evaluate the impact of a community-based HIV/AIDS peer leadership prevention program on newly enrolled peer leaders and youth enrolled as peer educators for one or more years (repeat peer leaders).
Methods: Quasi-experimental nonrandomized design with two intervention groups (newly enrolled and repeat peer leaders) and one comparison group. The sample consisted of 235 adolescents, 164 peer leaders, and 71 comparison youth, drawn from nine communities in Massachusetts. The intervention consisted of a short course and ongoing group work with an adult advisor to plan and implement HIV/AIDS outreach activities for youth. A confidential questionnaire administered at baseline and postintervention measured change in (a) HIV/AIDS knowledge, (b) planning and presenting skills, (c) self-efficacy, (d) perception of one's self as a change agent in the community, and (e) sexual risk-taking behaviors. Information was collected from both groups of peer leaders on specific activities resulting from the program and perceived benefits. Data were analyzed by both descriptive and multivariate statistics.
Results: Over a 9-month period newly enrolled peer leaders had significantly higher mean scores for HIV/AIDS knowledge and perception of one's self as a change agent in the community than comparison youth. On all baseline outcome measures except risk-taking behaviors, repeat peer leaders reported higher scores than newly enrolled peer leaders. Post-intervention, HIV/AIDS knowledge continued to increase significantly more among repeat peer leaders compared with those newly enrolled in the program. Repeat peer leaders also reported more benefits from peer leadership training.
Conclusions: A peer education program was found to have benefits to adolescent peer leaders. Benefits gained from the program were sustained and enhanced over time as evidenced by repeat peer leaders included in the study.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1054-139x(02)00379-8 | DOI Listing |
Int J Qual Health Care
January 2025
Institute for Patient Safety, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Background: Healthcare systems worldwide experience shortages of healthcare professionals. Retention of physicians is becoming an increasing problem. The psychological safety among physicians affects not only performance, but also their emotional well-being and job satisfaction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
January 2025
Research & Innovation Institute, Women's College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Introduction: Intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual assault are pervasive public health and human rights concerns that disproportionately impact trans and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals. Experiences of cisgenderism and transphobia, compounded by racism and other forms of discrimination and structural violence, can hinder access to appropriate supports in a safe and non-stigmatising environment across a variety of sectors, including but not limited to healthcare, social services, criminal justice, and legal. TGD individuals may also have unique health and social needs requiring support that is not yet in place.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCan J Diet Pract Res
January 2025
Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON.
The South Asian (SA) diasporic communities in Canada experience a greater burden of diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to white populations. Nutrition interventions often focus on individual behaviours and fail to consider that the social determinants of health (SDH) have a greater impact on chronic disease risk. A narrative review was conducted to identify the SDH in nutrition care interventions for the SA diaspora in Canada.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Public Health Manag Pract
November 2024
Author Affiliations: National Association of Chronic Disease Directors, Decatur, Georgia (Dr Lankau, Mss Dudley, Miller, and Shields, Dr Alongi, Ms Macchi, and Dr Hohman); and Public Health Associate Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Ms Chiang).
Objective: The National Association of Chronic Disease Directors (NACDD) is a nonprofit organization that supports state and territorial chronic disease prevention and health promotion efforts through capacity building and technical assistance. Each year, NACDD surveys health department leaders who oversee chronic disease prevention and health promotion (hereafter, Chronic Disease Directors). We have previously used the annual survey results to inform strategic planning and resource allocation but have not historically published key findings in the peer-reviewed literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMJ Open
December 2024
Human Development and Family Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
Introduction: Despite evidence of variation in how concerns about falling influence physical activity, many of the currently available knowledge syntheses merely assume that this relation is uniform across populations and contexts. Therefore, we propose a scoping review protocol to guide a summary of the bodywork that has examined the association between concerns about falling and physical activity in adult populations, with an eye on the availability of empirical evidence of moderation.
Methods And Analyses: Studies reporting on both the concepts of concerns about falling and physical activity among samples with a mean age≥18 years will be included.
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