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What sustain Chinese adult second language (L2) learners' engagement in online classes? A sequential mix-methods study on the roles of L2 motivation and enjoyment.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Politics and Public Administration, South China Normal University, Guangdong, China.
Recent research has integrated positive psychology with the Second Language Motivational Self System (L2MMS) to explore how enjoyment, L2 self-guides (including ideal L2 self and ought-to L2 self), and engagement interact among school-aged second-language (L2) learners. However, there is a significant gap in understanding these dynamics among adult learners, particularly those who primarily learn a second language online-a group that has been largely overlooked. To address this gap, our study examined the underlying mechanisms connecting these constructs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLinking Context to Language Switching: Effects of Background Noise on Bilingual Language Comprehension.
Behav Sci (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
In the present study, we set out to examine the effect of background noise on bilingual language comprehension between a person's first language (L1) and second language (L2). Language control systems seem to systematically engage in bilingual language production, as evidenced by the presence of switch costs with slower responses to switch trials than repeat trials. However, this systematic engagement does not uniformly apply to comprehension, as the involvement of language control in bilingual comprehension may vary depending on external contexts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Neurodevelopmental Dynamics of Multilingual Experience During Childhood: A Longitudinal Behavioral, Structural, and Functional MRI Study.
Brain Sci
January 2025
Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy.
Background/objectives: A neurobiological framework of bi- or multilingual neurocognitive development must consider the following: (i) longitudinal behavioral and neural measures; (ii) brain developmental constraints across structure and function; and (iii) the development of global multilingual competence in a homogeneous social environment. In this study, we investigated whether multilingual competence yields early changes in executive attention control mechanisms and their underlying neural structures in the frontal-striatal system, such as the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex/pre-supplemental area and the left caudate.
Methods: We employed longitudinal neuroimaging and functional connectivity methods in a small group of multilingual children over two years.
Global Epidemiology and health risks of Bacillus cereus Infections: Special focus on infant foods.
Food Res Int
February 2025
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang University College of Animal Sciences, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 310058, China. Electronic address:
Bacillus cereus is a common pathogen responsible for gastrointestinal and other complicated disorders, yet epidemiological data and public health measures remain scarce. To bridge these gaps, a bilingual search spaning 50 years identified 266 relevant studies on global B. cereus infection, encompassing 6,135 cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of the sequential use of L1 and bilingual subtitles on incidental English vocabulary learning: A cognitive load perspective.
Br J Educ Psychol
January 2025
Department of employment and admission, Changsha University, Changsha, China.
Aim: From the perspective of cognitive load theory, the present study examined the relative effectiveness of the sequential use of L1 and bilingual subtitles on incidental English vocabulary learning.
Methods: A total of 162 upper-intermediate Chinese learners of English as a foreign language watched an English clip in one of 4 subtitling conditions: L1-bilingual, bilingual-bilingual, L2-L2, and no subtitles.
Results: Results suggested a statistically significant advantage for the L1-bilingual condition over other conditions for word form and meaning recall.
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