Quinine sulfate, which has been available for many years, has not been implicated definitively in the development of pulmonary toxicity. A variety of adverse effects, however, have been reported with quinine administration. A 45-year-old woman with longstanding rheumatoid arthritis experienced wheezing, severe anxiety, breathlessness, cough, orthopnea, mild fever, chills, and pleuritic chest discomfort after taking a single dose of quinine for nocturnal leg cramps. Radiographic imaging demonstrated diffuse, bilateral pulmonary infiltrates suggestive of pulmonary edema. No cause other than acute quinine ingestion could be identified despite thorough cardiac and infectious disease evaluations. Clinicians should be aware of a possible association between quinine sulfate and pulmonary toxicity.
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