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Cardiometabolic complications in children and adolescents with HIV on antiretroviral therapy.
Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol
September 2024
Department of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Article Synopsis
- - The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has greatly improved the lives of individuals with HIV, but it can lead to significant side effects, particularly cardiometabolic complications, especially in children and adolescents.
- - A literature review was conducted to gather current knowledge on metabolic issues (like dyslipidemia and insulin resistance) and diseases (such as prediabetes and cardiovascular diseases) linked to ART in the pediatric population with HIV.
- - Close monitoring of these metabolic complications is crucial as they heighten the risk of developing serious health conditions later in life. Addressing these challenges requires better access to treatments, technology advancements, and a focus on reducing healthcare disparities.
Adolescents and young adults with HIV and unsuppressed viral load: where do we go from here?
Curr Opin HIV AIDS
November 2024
Division of Pediatric and Adult Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Purpose Of Review: Adolescents and youth living with HIV (AYLHIV) have worse outcomes at all stages of the care cascade when compared with adults, yet adolescents and youth with unsuppressed viral load are typically excluded from phase 3 studies of novel HIV therapeutic agents and emerging strategies. Long-acting agents have the potential to radically change outcomes for young people struggling with adherence to daily oral HIV medications.
Recent Findings: 1.
Haploidentical HSCT in the Treatment of Pediatric Hematological Disorders.
Int J Mol Sci
June 2024
Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Transplantology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has become a treatment option for otherwise non-curative conditions, both malignant and benign, affecting children and adults. Nevertheless, the latest research has been focusing extensively on transplantation from related and unrelated haploidentical donors, suitable for patients requiring emergent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the absence of an HLA-matched donor. Haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT) can be an effective treatment for non-malignant pediatric disorders, such as primary immunodeficiencies or hemoglobinopathies, by enabling a much quicker selection of the appropriate donor for virtually all patients, low incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and transplant-related mortality (TRM).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe germ theory revisited: A noncentric view on infection outcome.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
April 2024
Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund 223 62, Sweden.
The germ theory states that pathogenic microorganisms are responsible for causing infectious diseases. The theory is inherently microbe-centric and does not account for variability in disease severity among individuals and asymptomatic carriership-two phenomena indicating an important role for host variability in infection outcome. The basic tenet of the germ theory was recently challenged, and a radically host-centric paradigm referred to as the "full-blown host theory" was proposed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA poetic inquiry: the role of the social sciences and humanities in revitalising AIDS.
AIDS Care
July 2024
The Impact Centre, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa.
For the past four decades, biomedical science has transformed clinical outcomes for HIV and AIDS. However, the social, economic and gendered determinants of HIV remain largely intact. The social science and humanities offer concepts and methods for articulating why these remain intractable.
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