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Efficacy of treatment options for complicated urinary tract infections including acute pyelonephritis: a systematic literature review and network meta-analysis.
J Comp Eff Res
January 2025
Advanz Pharma, London, UK.
Compared with uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), complicated UTIs (cUTIs) including acute pyelonephritis (AP) present with significant morbidity, a higher risk of treatment failure and typically require longer courses of treatment, or alternative antibiotics. The emergence of drug-resistant organisms represents a considerable challenge in the treatment of patients with cUTIs/AP and has limited antibiotic options. Carbapenems are considered the current last line of therapy, however, carbapenem resistance represents a growing problem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCeftobiprole activity against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates collected in the United States from 2016 through 2022.
Antimicrob Agents Chemother
January 2025
JMI Laboratories, Element Materials Technology, North Liberty, Iowa, USA.
Ceftobiprole was recently approved by the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of adult patients with bacteremia, including right-side endocarditis, acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections, and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia in adults and pediatrics. Ceftobiprole is an advanced-generation cephalosporin approved in many countries for the treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia and hospital-acquired pneumonia, excluding ventilator-associated pneumonia. We evaluated the activities of ceftobiprole and comparators against methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative efficacy and safety of co-amoxiclav, cefpodoxime proxetil, and levofloxacin in patients with acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis: A prospective, open-label, parallel group study.
J Family Med Prim Care
December 2024
Department of Orthopaedics, ESIC Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Background: No clinical trials have compared the efficacy and safety of beta-lactam antibiotics and fluoroquinolones in acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of co-amoxiclav (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid), cefpodoxime proxetil, and levofloxacin monotherapy in patients with acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis.
Methods: This was a prospective, open-label, parallel-group study where 90 patients with acute uncomplicated bacterial tonsillitis were equally divided into three groups to receive either tablet co-amoxiclav 625 mg thrice daily, tablet cefpodoxime proxetil 200 mg twice daily, or tablet levofloxacin 500 mg once daily for five days.
Ciprofloxacin-Induced Encephalopathy.
J Med Cases
January 2025
Department of Internal Medicine, Arrowhead Regional Medical Center, Colton, CA 92324, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Fluoroquinolones (FLQs) are widely used antibiotics for treating infections, but they can have serious side effects, particularly on the central nervous system, in older adults and those with slower medication metabolism.
- These neurotoxic adverse effects can include severe symptoms like seizures and psychosis, and while newer FLQs like levofloxacin are often noted for these issues, even ciprofloxacin can cause them.
- The article highlights the need for healthcare providers to recognize and understand these potential neurotoxic effects, especially in vulnerable populations, through a case study of an 88-year-old with dementia who experienced acute encephalopathy after FLQ treatment.
Significance of Targeted Antimicrobial Prophylaxis Using Rectal-culture Selective Screening Media Prior to Transrectal Prostate Biopsy: A Multicenter, Randomized Controlled Trial.
Urology
December 2024
Department of Urology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane, Japan; The Japanese Research Group for Urinary Tract Infection (JRGU), Nishinomiya, Japan.
Objective: To examine whether antimicrobial prophylaxis based on screening rectal cultures using selective media prevented acute bacterial prostatitis following transrectal prostate biopsy (TRPB).
Methods: In this multicenter, randomized controlled trial, we enrolled 403 patients undergoing TRPB with low risks of infectious complications. Patients were randomized into a cultured group (CG) or no cultured group (NCG).
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