The significance of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in terrestrial ecosystems is widely acknowledged, but the causes and consequences of diversity in these fungi are not well understood. A recent frequency-dependent model suggests that dynamics within mycorrhizal mutualisms could promote the coexistence of at least two competing plant species and two competing fungal species within a community. Models are developed here in which simultaneous association with multiple partners may result in elevated or depressed fitness relative to association with either partner alone. This increases the range of conditions under which negative feedback occurs and coexistence of all four species is possible. Differences between plants in the relative proportions of fungi at which maximum fitness occurs may facilitate coexistence, as may differences between fungi in their abilities to establish interplant connections. These models suggest additional mechanisms by which mutualistic interactions could promote local diversity of plants and AM fungi.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/tpbi.2002.1579 | DOI Listing |
J Gen Intern Med
January 2025
Thoracic Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, United States.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomed Res Int
January 2025
Department of Biology, College of Natural & Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are major public health issues in developing countries, including Ethiopia. These viruses can be transmitted from mother to child during birth or through contact with contaminated blood. In many areas of Ethiopia, viral hepatitis and HIV infections are significant health concerns for pregnant women.
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View Article and Find Full Text PDFEcohealth
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Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA.
SARS-CoV-2 has been found in multiple species, including cervids such as wild white-tailed deer (WTD), in multiple regions in the United States, including Illinois. The virus has been shown to transmit among WTD, and across species in both directions (deer-to-humans and humans-to-deer). Cross-species transmission requires infectious contact between WTD and humans, the form and frequency of which is poorly understood.
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