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A Method to Evaluate Orientation-Dependent Errors in the Center of Contrast Targets Used with Terrestrial Laser Scanners.
Sensors (Basel)
January 2025
Sensor Science Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20878, USA.
Terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) are portable dimensional measurement instruments used to obtain 3D point clouds of objects in a scene. While TLSs do not require the use of cooperative targets, they are sometimes placed in a scene to fuse or compare data from different instruments or data from the same instrument but from different positions. A contrast target is an example of such a target; it consists of alternating black/white squares that can be printed using a laser printer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrientation-dependent contextual modulation of contrast in schizophrenia.
Schizophr Res
December 2024
University of Minnesota, Department of Psychology, United States of America.
Introduction: Schizophrenia is associated with weakened contextual modulation of visual contrast perception, which is generally predicted by population average neural firing rates in primary visual cortex (V1). We use high field fMRI and a novel task to assess V1-instrinsic and V1-extrinsic mechanisms of atypical contextual modulation in schizophrenia.
Methods: We examined the BOLD responses of individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ = 34), bipolar disorder (BP = 25), unaffected first-degree relatives of SCZ (SREL = 20), unaffected first-degree relatives of BP (BPREL = 13) and healthy controls (CON = 23).
An optical system for cellular mechanostimulation in 3D hydrogels.
Acta Biomater
November 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2715, United States; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-2580, United States; Beckman Laser Institute, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-3010, United States. Electronic address:
We introduce a method utilizing single laser-generated cavitation bubbles to stimulate cellular mechanotransduction in dermal fibroblasts embedded within 3D hydrogels. We demonstrate that fibroblasts embedded in either amorphous or fibrillar hydrogels engage in Ca signaling following exposure to an impulsive mechanical stimulus provided by a single 250 µm diameter laser-generated cavitation bubble. We find that the spatial extent of the cellular signaling is larger for cells embedded within a fibrous collagen hydrogel as compared to those embedded within an amorphous polyvinyl alcohol polymer (SLO-PVA) hydrogel.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantification of Anisotropy in Exchange and Dispersion Interactions: A Simple Model for Physics-Based Force Fields.
J Phys Chem Lett
October 2024
Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Husargatan 3, Box 596, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.
In some compounds, exchange repulsion is orientation dependent. However, in contrast to quantum chemical methods that treat exchange explicitly, empirical models assume exchange to be spherically symmetric, yielding an average description only. Here we quantify the anisotropy of exchange and dispersion energy for hydrogen halides and water by probing these compounds with a helium atom using the symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAsymmetry in Polymer-Solvent Interactions Yields Complex Thermoresponsive Behavior.
ACS Macro Lett
July 2024
Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States.
We introduce a lattice framework that incorporates elements of Flory-Huggins solution theory and the -state Potts model to study the phase behavior of polymer solutions and single-chain conformational characteristics. Without empirically introducing temperature-dependent interaction parameters, standard Flory-Huggins theory describes systems that are either homogeneous across temperatures or exhibit upper critical solution temperatures. The proposed Flory-Huggins-Potts framework extends these capabilities by predicting lower critical solution temperatures, miscibility loops, and hourglass-shaped spinodal curves.
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