The authors are describing the first two cases of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation at home from our country, applied for chronic respiratory failure, demonstrating the advantages and modalities of approach to tackle this new concept of treatment.
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BMC Public Health
January 2025
Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become a major public health concern in Iraq, playing a significant role in the country's morbidity and mortality rates. To offer a thorough overview of the patterns and the overall impact of NCDs on public health, this study aims to map the trends in the incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates of NCDs in Iraq between 2003 and 2021.
Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021 were utilized.
Eur Radiol
January 2025
Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Chest imaging in children presents unique challenges due to varying requirements across age groups. For chest radiographs, achieving optimal images often involves careful positioning and immobilisation techniques. Antero-posterior projections are easier to obtain in younger children, while lateral decubitus radiographs are sometimes used when expiratory images are difficult to obtain and for free air exclusion.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Chin Med
January 2025
Basic Medical School, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
Oxidative stress represents a pivotal mechanism in the pathogenesis of numerous chronic diseases. The Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-transcription factor NF-E2 p45-related factor 2 (KEAP1-NRF2) pathway plays a crucial role in maintaining redox homeostasis and regulating a multitude of biological processes such as inflammation, protein homeostasis, and metabolic homeostasis. In this paper, we present the findings of recent studies on the KEAP1-NRF2 pathway, which have revealed that it is aberrantly regulated and induces oxidative stress injury in a variety of diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, and cancer.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThorax
January 2025
Genome Medicine Laboratory, Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
Objective: Reduced functional capacity and muscle weakness are two major contributors to functional impairment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The underlying causes of functional impairment are poorly understood and, therefore, we sought to investigate the contribution of genetic factors.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of sociodemographic, clinical and genetic information of people with COPD.
Under the background of climate change, the escalating air pollution and extreme weather events have been identified as risk factors for chronic respiratory diseases (CRD), causing serious public health burden worldwide. This review aims to summarize the effects of changed atmospheric environment caused by climate change on CRD. Results indicated an increased risk of CRD (mainly COPD, asthma) associated with environmental factors, such as air pollutants, adverse meteorological conditions, extreme temperatures, sandstorms, wildfire, and atmospheric allergens.
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