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Regulation of INPP5E in Ciliogenesis, Development, and Disease.
Int J Biol Sci
January 2025
Department of Basic & Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA.
Inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase E (INPP5E) is a 5-phosphatase critically involved in diverse physiological processes, including embryonic development, neurological function, immune regulation, hemopoietic cell dynamics, and macrophage proliferation, differentiation, and phagocytosis. Mutations in cause Joubert and Meckel-Gruber syndromes in humans; these are characterized by brain malformations, microphthalmia, situs inversus, skeletal abnormalities, and polydactyly. Recent studies have demonstrated the key role of INPP5E in governing intracellular processes like endocytosis, exocytosis, vesicular trafficking, and membrane dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfadin Sorts Different Retinal Neuron Types into Accurate Cellular Layers.
bioRxiv
December 2024
Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.
Neurons use cell-adhesion molecules (CAMs) to interact with other neurons and the extracellular environment: the combination of CAMs specifies migration patterns, neuronal morphologies, and synaptic connections across diverse neuron types. Yet little is known regarding the intracellular signaling cascade mediating the CAM recognitions at the cell surface across different neuron types. In this study, we investigated the neural developmental role of Afadin, a cytosolic adapter protein that connects multiple CAM families to intracellular F-actin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiglycan stimulates retinal pathological angiogenesis via up-regulation of CXCL12 expression in pericytes.
FASEB J
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Article Synopsis
- Retinal pathological angiogenesis (PA) is linked to diseases like age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, and this study explores the role of the protein biglycan (BGN) in this process using a mouse model.
- The researchers found that BGN levels increased in the retinas of mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy and that inhibiting BGN led to reduced PA, suggesting BGN plays a crucial role in promoting this condition.
- Further analysis indicated that BGN's effect on PA may involve the upregulation of another protein, CXCL12, and blocking the interaction between CXCL12 and its receptor significantly decreased PA in mice, highlighting the importance of pericytes in
Methylmercury-induced visual deficits involve loss of GABAergic cells in the zebrafish embryo retina.
Sci Total Environ
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 100012 Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a neurotoxicant with adverse effects on visual systems from fish to man. Clinical signs of visual deficits including color-vision alterations, visual field constriction and blindness have been frequently identified in patients and affected animals following acute and chronic exposure to MeHg. However, it is still unclear whether MeHg causes developmental defects in the eye.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSMORE: spatial motifs reveal patterns in cellular architecture of complex tissues.
Genome Biol
January 2025
Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095, CA, USA.
Deciphering the link between tissue architecture and function requires methods to identify and interpret patterns in spatial arrangement of cells. We present SMORE, an approach to detect patterns in sequential arrangements of cells and examine their associated gene expression specializations. Applied to retina, brain, and embryonic tissue maps, SMORE identifies novel spatial motifs, including one that offers a new mechanism of action for type 1b bipolar cells.
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