First introduced to medical practice in 1847, anesthesia for childbirth has undergone constant changes. Current practice reflects evolving social values as well as new discoveries in science and medicine.
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Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Hospital Universitari de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
Office hysteroscopy (OH) offers a "see and treat" strategy, enabling most gynecological conditions to be addressed outside the operating room without anesthesia. Despite its convenience, the associated pain and stress remain significant barriers to its widespread success among women. Both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions have been explored to mitigate these challenges, albeit with mixed outcomes.
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