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HIV-1 Mediated Cortical Actin Disruption Mirrors ARP2/3 Defects Found in Primary T Cell Immunodeficiencies.
bioRxiv
February 2024
Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
During cell movement, cortical actin balances mechanical and osmotic forces to maintain cell function while providing the scaffold for cell shape. Migrating CD4 T cells have a polarized structure with a leading edge containing dynamic branched and linear F-actin structures that bridge intracellular components to surface adhesion molecules. These actin structures are complemented with a microtubular network beaded with membrane bound organelles in the trailing uropod.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCharacterization of the extracellular vesicles, ultrastructural morphology, and intercellular interactions of multiple clinical isolates of the brain-eating amoeba, .
Front Microbiol
September 2023
Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States.
Introduction: As global temperatures rise to unprecedented historic levels, so too do the latitudes of habitable niches for the pathogenic free-living amoeba, . This opportunistic parasite causes a rare, but >97% fatal, neurological infection called primary amoebic meningoencephalitis. Despite its lethality, this parasite remains one of the most neglected and understudied parasitic protozoans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMorphology and synaptic connections of pigment-dispersing factor-immunoreactive neurons projecting to the lateral protocerebrum in the large black chafer, Holotrichia parallela.
J Comp Neurol
December 2022
Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
Pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) is a well-known output neuropeptide modulator of circadian pacemakers in insects. Here, we investigated PDF-immunoreactive (ir) neurons in the brain of the large black chafer Holotrichia parallela to search for circadian neural components, which are potentially involved in its circabidian rhythm. PDF-ir cells were exclusively detected near the accessory medulla (AME) as a cluster of ∼ 100 cells with almost homogeneous size.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Novel Parasitoid of Marine Dinoflagellates, gen. et sp. nov. (Perkinsozoa, Alveolata), Showing Characteristic Beaded Sporocytes.
Front Microbiol
November 2021
LOHABE, Department of Oceanography, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, South Korea.
The phylum Perkinsozoa is known as an exclusively parasitic group within alveolates and is widely distributed in various aquatic environments from marine to freshwater environments. Nonetheless, their morphology, life cycle, the identity of the host, and physiological characteristics remain still poorly understood. During intensive sampling along the west coast of Korea in October and November 2017, a new parasitoid, which shares several characteristics with the extant families Perkinsidae and Parviluciferaceae, was discovered and three strains of the new parasitoid were successfully established in cultures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn vitro and in vivo detection of tunneling nanotubes in normal and pathological osteoclastogenesis involving osteoclast fusion.
Lab Invest
December 2021
Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Oral Anatomy, Division of Oral Biological Sciences, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells formed through specific recognition and fusion of mononuclear osteoclast precursors derived from hematopoietic stem cells. Detailed cellular events concerning cell fusion in osteoclast differentiation remain ambiguous. Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs), actin-based membrane structures, play an important role in intercellular communication between cells.
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