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Outpatient subcutaneous alemtuzumab is feasible and safe for aplastic anemia and associated with high response rates.
Blood Adv
December 2024
Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.
Immunosuppressive therapy (IST) using horse antithymocyte globulin (h-ATG) combined with cyclosporine (CsA) and eltrombopag is the standard care for aplastic anemia (AA) in patients without a suitable matched donor. However, in many countries, h-ATG use has been discontinued, leaving rabbit ATG (r-ATG), which has a lower response rates and poorer survival, as the only alternative. In previous studies, alemtuzumab (ALZ), a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD52, combined with CsA resulted in an adequate ORR in AA patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAplastic Anemia: Demographic and Clinical Characteristics in Costa Rica.
Cureus
November 2024
Research Unit, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Costa Rican Social Security Health Fund (CCSS), San José, CRI.
Background Aplastic anemia (AA) is a rare and heterogeneous hematological disorder defined as pancytopenia with hypocellular bone marrow in the absence of abnormal infiltration or medullary fibrosis. Various causes of AA have been identified, such as autoimmune factors, bone marrow injuries, viral infections, and genetic disorders. The symptoms of AA are directly linked to pancytopenia and the most common are fatigue, recurrent infections, and bleeding problems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA multicentre, retrospective study of epidemiology and outcome of aplastic anaemia among adult population in Sabah and Sarawak from year 2006 to 2017.
Med J Malaysia
November 2024
Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Department of Medicine, Haematology Unit, Sabah, Ministry of Health, Malaysia.
Introduction: Aplastic anaemia (AA) is a rare disorder of bone marrow failure, characterized by bone marrow hypocellularity with pancytopenia. The annual incidence rates of AA in Asia are observed to be two to three times higher than Europe and North America. Since the introduction of immunosuppressive therapy (IST) and of allogenic stem cell transplant (SCT), the outcome of severe AA has significantly improved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPosttransplant cyclophosphamide: a universal graft versus host disease prophylaxis.
Curr Opin Hematol
November 2024
Sezione di Ematologia, Dipartimento di Scienze di Laboratorio ed Ematologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Purpose Of The Review: The purpose of this review is to outline current graft versus host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis, in the era of posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCY), in patients with malignant and nonmalignant hematologic disorders. The original combination of PTCY with a calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) and mycophenolate (MMF), reported from the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, was designed for patients receiving a graft from a donor mismatched at one haplotype, so called haploidentical donor (HAPLO). In the past decade, PTCY has been widely used in HAPLO transplants worldwide, confirming the amazing efficacy of PTCY in preventing GvHD in mismatched grafts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOptimization of T-cell replete haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: the Chinese experience.
Haematologica
November 2024
Peking University People's Hospital and Peking University Institute of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Beijing Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Beijing, 100044; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing.
Haploidentical-related donor (HID) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has undergone significant advances in recent decades. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor- and antithymocyte globulin-based protocols and post-transplantation cyclophosphamide-based regimens represent two of the current T-cell-replete protocols in HID HSCT. Recently, the optimization of several critical transplant techniques has further improved hematopoietic reconstitution, decreased the incidence of relapse and graft-versus-host disease after HID HSCT, and extended the application of HID HSCT to older patients and those with non-malignant hematologic disorders.
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